1.1 Population Dynamics KEY DEF Flashcards
Population explosion
The rapid population growth of the developing world
Birth rate
The number of live births per 1000 population in a year
Death rate
The number of deaths per 1000 population in a year
Rate of natural change
AND Positive / negative meaning
The difference between the birth rate and the death rate.
Positive : natural increase
Negative : natural decrease
Rate of net migration
The difference between the rates of immigration and emigration.
Model of demographic transition
A model illustrating the historical shift of birth and death rates from high to low levels in a population.
Total fertility rate
The average number of children a women has during her lifetime
Infant mortality rate
The number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1000 live births per year.
Life expectancy at birth
The average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live under current mortality levels.
Depopulation
A decline in the number of people in a population
Optimum population
The best balance between a population and the resources available to it.
Usually viewed as the population giving the highest average living standards in a country
Under population
When there are too few people in an area to use the resources available effectively
Over-population
When there are too many people in an area relative to the resources and the level of technology available
Underemployment
A situation where people are working less than they would like to and need to in order to earn a reasonable living
Population policy
Encompasses all of the measures taken by a government aimed at influencing population size l, growth, distribution or composition
