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GCSE Chemistry AQA > 1.1 Model of the Atom > Flashcards

1.1 Model of the Atom Flashcards

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1
Q

What do chemical symbols represent? e.g. Na and O

A

An atom of an element

Na- represents atoms of sodium
O- represents atoms of oxygen

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2
Q

How are compounds formed?

A

From elements by chemical reactions

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3
Q

What do chemical reactions involve?

A
  • Formation of one or more new substances
  • Often a change in energy
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4
Q

What is a compound? Give an example

A

Two or more elememts that are chemically combined in fixed proportions

HCl
NaCl

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5
Q

How are compounds separated back into elements?

A

Only by chemical reactions

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6
Q

What is a mixture?

A

Two or more elements or compounds not chemically combined

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7
Q

What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?

A

Compound
- Two or more elements chemically combined
- Only separated by a chemical reaction

Mixture
- Two or more elements or compounds not chemically combined
- Can be separated by physical processes

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8
Q

How can a mixture be separated?

A

Filtration
Crystallisation
Simple distillation
Fractional distillation
Chromatography

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9
Q

What is the plum pudding model of the atom?

A

Atom is a ball of positive charge with electrons in it

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10
Q

What experiment proved the plum pudding model was incorrect?

A

Alpha particle scattering experiement

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11
Q

What was done in the alpha particle experiment?

A
  • Beam of alpha particles aimed at thin gold foil
  • Some particles detected at different angles and some came back straight
  • Alpha particles were being repelled and deflected by positively charged nucleus
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12
Q

What is an alpha particle?

A

2 protons and 2 neutron nucleus

Therefore He2+

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13
Q

Fill in the table

A
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14
Q

What is the charge of an atom?

A

0

Number of protons is equal to number of electrons

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15
Q

Fill out the table

A
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16
Q

What is the mass number?

A

Sum of protons and neutrons in an atom

17
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons

18
Q

What is relative atomic mass?

A

Average mass of an element or compound that takes account of abundance of isotopes of the element

19
Q

What energy level do electrons occupy?

A

Lowest available energy level (or shell)

(Shell closest to the nucleus)

GCSE Chemistry AQA (18 decks)

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