11. Histology: Nasal and Oral Cavities Flashcards
What kind of epithelium is respiratory epithelium made out of?
Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium
What are the hallmarks of the respiratory epithelium?
Cilia Cilia Cilia
Goblet cells
Thick basement membrane
What are the three regions of the nasal cavity? From superior to inferior?
Olfactory region
Respiratory region
Nasal vestibule
What is the function of the nasal cavity?
Adjusts the temperature and the humidity of inspired air; surface area is provided by the turbinate bones
These are subject to acute infection after a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract
Paranasal sinuses
What kind of epithelium is present in the nasal vestibule?
keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
What lines the paranasal sinuses?
Extensions of the respiratory epithelium, psuedostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
What are the hallmarks of the olfactory mucosa?
Dramatically thicker
No goblet cells
What is the purpse of the olfactory glands?
Emit serous secretion that dissolve odorant molecules which is why the cells do not have goblet cells
What are the types of cells that are involved in the olfactory mucosa?
Olfactory receptor cells that allow for the smell to be processed via ligand binding and GPCR signaling
Basal cells that act as stem cells and allow regeneration
Brush cells which are in contact with CN V
Supporting cells which provide support to the olfactory cells
What are the three portions of the oral mucosa?
- Lining
- masticatory
- specialized mucosa
What is the lamina propria divided into? (two layers)
- papillary layer: superficial; neurovasculature
- dense layer: deep; dense irregular CT with large amounts of fibers
What kind of epithelium is found in the masticatory mucosa? Where is this found?
Keratinized and or parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
hard palate, gingiva, and dorsal surface of the tongue
What are rete ridges and which type of tissue are they found on?
They are the “teeth” in the surface of the masticatory mucosa which helps to hold everything in place
Whay type of tissue is found in the lining mucosa? Where in the body is this mucosa found?
Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
found in the lips, cheeks, alveolar mucosal surfaces, floor of the mouth, inferior surfaces of the tongue, soft palate
What are the three layers that are involved in the lining mucosa?
- Stratum basale: single layer of cells on the basal lamina
- Stratum spinosum: several cells thick
- Stratum superficiale: most superficial cells(surface layer)
What types of cells are in the specialized mucosa?
Keratinized stratified squamous
What are the types of lingual papilla?
- filiform papillae
- Foliate papillae
- Fungiform papillae
- Circumvallate papillae
Which lingual papillae have a taste sensation? Which one has the highest amount of taste buds present?
Foliate papillae
Fungiform papillae
Circumvallate papillae (has the highest number)
Describe the taste bud
Has a taste pore, that has 30-80 spindle shaped cells that extend from the basement membrane
sensory cells extend a microvilli out into the pore which will allow for the taste to be noticed, and it goes and synapses with nerves
supporting cells also have microvilli but do not synapse
basal cells are present too that act as stem cells
Which nerves are involved in gustation?
CN VII, IX, X
Describe the palatine tonsils
Nonkeratinized stratified swaumous epitelium
has crypts
dense with lymphocytes so that it can fight off infections
Describe pharyngeal tonsils
Single structure that is covered in pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium with invaginated mucosa but no crypts
Describe a lingual tonsil
Along the base of the tongue, covered in stratified squamous epithelium and has germinal centers
lacks a capsule
