10B. Hotspur's rebellion in 1403 Flashcards
Why did the Percies initially lend their support to Henry IV’s regime?
dissatisfied with Richard Il’s treatment of them, particularly in relation to the award of border offices,
What did the fact that by 1402, the eldest Percy son, Hotspur, had obtained numerous territories and responsibilities in the
border areas of both Wales and Scotland due to support of Henry mean?
provided Hotspur with an almost complete monopoly on military and political power in North Wales and the East March, which were areas crucial to the ongoing security of the Lancastrian regime.
What happened in September 1402 that developed into a cause of dissatisfaction for the Percies?
the earl of Northumberland and Hotspur fought alongside George, earl of Dunbar, a prominent Scottish magnate who had defected to the English two years earlier. Together,
they won a significant victory over the Scots at Homildon Hill, making a number of important
captures.
Why did the September 1402 event develop into a cause of dissatisfaction for Hotspur?
there was a dispute between the Percies and Henry IV because the King ordered that no prisoner could be ransomed without his permission- unwarranted intervention, ignored it. Suspicions Henry was jealous of military victory
What were the Percy financial disagreements with the crown?
the Percies wanted the king to
pay money due to them for military service more promptly, as they felt this would assist them in their campaigns in Scotland especially. The earl of Northumberland and his son both wrote letters to king complaining
thumber ereticutorentvilv complaning o their treatment,
Why was Hotspur’s wife a factor in the hostility?
Elizabeth Mortimer was the aunt of the young Edmund Mortimer,
earl of March, who had a claim to the throne which rivalled that of Henry IV. This made the king more suspicious of Hotspur and may have contributed to the growing rift between the
monarch and the Percies.
Why was Hotspur under military
and financial strain? How was this a source of disagreement?
The situation in Wales was extremely fraught in the early 1400s. He wished to negotiate a settlement with the Welsh, partly so the Percies
could focus their resources more on war with Scotland, but the king would not compromise on the
issue.
In 1402, the Welsh captured Hotspur’s brother-in-law, Sir Edmund Mortimer IV, uncle of the young
earl of March who was a key rival to Henry IV for the throne. How was this a factor?
The king argued that Mortimer IV was a traitor and refused to allow the Percies to negotiate for
him to be freed by payment of a ransom. In addition, Henry IV seized Mortimer’s goods and this
matter caused considerable tension, increased in November 1402 when the prisoner married Glyndwr’s daughter with great celebration.
What reduced Henry’s power in Wales?
• In April 1403, the Prince of Wales was placed in charge of the newly united military command
in Wales.
What suggested Henry wanted the crown for himself?
Hotspur’s soldiers, during the battle against Henry IV
that followed in 1403, are recorded as crying out ‘Henry Percy King’.
When did Hotspur rebel
1403
Who rebelled with Hotspur?
his uncle, the earl of Worcester
What did they do in Cheshire?
they issued proclamations against Henry IV, claiming their allegiance to Richard II.
Where was the battle fought and who won?
Shrewsbury and Hotspur killed on the battlefield, being buried only after the body had been publicly displayed on the king’s orders to prevent later claims that he was still alive.
