106: Herbology Flashcards
1
Q
DRAVYA GUNA KARMA SHASTRA
A
substance/herb
property/quality
action/effect
science
2
Q
7 categories of DRAVYAS
A
- DRAVYA (substance, herb)
- GUNA (quality)
- KARMA (action/effect)
- RASA (taste)
- VIPAKA (post-digestive effect)
- VEERYA (potency)
- PRABHAVA (unique property)
3
Q
DRAVYAS
A
- substance/herb
- inseperable from guna or karma
- panchabhoutic
- like increases like
- stable
- long-lasting
4
Q
GUNAS
A
- qualities (20/10 pairs)
- 5 BHOUTIC GUNAS
- sound (shabda) = ETHER (akasha) *cleanses
- touch (sparsa) = AIR (vayu) *drys+absorbs
- sight (roopa) = FIRE (tejas) *digests
- taste (rasa) = WATER (aap)
- smell (gandha) = EARTH (prithvi)
5
Q
5 BHOUTIC GUNA ACTIONS/MAHABHUTAS EFFECT ON DRAVYAS
A
ETHER (cleanses) *shodhana AIR (drys+absorbs) *shoshana FIRE (digests/agni strengthening) *deepana WATER+EARTH (builds) *brimhana FIRE+AIR (scrapes) *lekhana
6
Q
KARMAS(12 actions/effects)
A
- DEEPANA (stimulates agni) *sour,salty,pungent
ex: ginger, black pepper, pippali, chitraka - PACHANA (digests ama) *bitter,pungent,sour
ex: musta, kutaja, garlic, ginger, lemons - SHAMANA (balances each dosha)
ex: “vatashamaka”(sesame oil)
ex:”pittashamaka”(ghee)
ex:”kaphashamaka”(honey)
~includes: deepana, pachana, langhana(fasting), trut(reducing water intake), vyayama(exercise), atapa seva (walking in the sun), maruta seva(walking in the breeze) - SHODHANA (removes dosha from body)
ex: vacha, nishottar - STAMBHANA (absorbs fluid in colon) *dry, astringent, cold
ex: astringent herbs (kutaja, nagakeshara) - GRAHI (solidifies stool, increases appetite, improve digestion, absorb fluids) *heating, pungent
ex: dry ginger, musta, cumin - ANULOMANA(mild laxatives) *digest+eliminate malas
ex: warm milk, ghee, grapes, haritaki, triphala - SRAMSAN (mild purgatives) remove toxins from walls
ex: castor oil, aragwhada - VIRECHANA (strong purgatives)
ex: nishottar, castor oil - BHEDANA (drastic purgatives)
ex: aloe, kutki, chitraka - LEKHANA (scraping of the dhatus, doshas+malas)
*light, sharp
ex: guggulu, haridra, vacha, warm water, honey - PRAMATHI (expel aggrevated doshas attached to srotas) *sharp, hot
ex: black pepper, vacha, chitraka, pippali
7
Q
RASAS (6 tastes) + BHOUTIC COMPOSITIONS
A
- SWEET (madhura) *EARTH+WATER
- SOUR (amla) *FIRE+EARTH
- SALTY (lavana) *WATER+FIRE
- PUNGENT (katu) *FIRE+AIR
- ASTRINGENT (kashaya) *AIR+EARTH
- BITTER (tikta) *AIR+ETHER
8
Q
VIPAKA (post-digestive effect) TYPES
A
- SWEET (sweet+salty) builds dhatus, nourishes
ex: milk, ghee, butter, rock salt, honey - SOUR (sour) rakta, agni, reduce ama, sweat, cleanse
ex: orange, tomato, amlaki, lime - SALTY (pungent, astringent, bitter) reduce fat/meda, causes constipation, blocks sweat glands
ex: chilies, fenugreek, boitter melon, pippali, dry ginger, guaduchi, haritaki
9
Q
VEERYA (potency, vigor, essence) TYPES
A
- COOLING (sheeta) *SWEET, ASTRINGENT, BITTER
decreases pitta, strengthens dhatus, weakens agni, moistens, nourishes, blocks channels
ex: chandan, aloe, lotus - HEATING (ushna) *SALTY, SOUR, PUNGENT
decreases vata and kapha, increases rak=pta, depletes all other dhatus, dries stool, strengthens agni, decreases ama, thirst, dizziness, opens shrotas
10
Q
PRABHAVA (unique or special effect of certain herbs)
A
ex: danti/chitraka, milk/ghee, arjuna/vidanga
11
Q
ORDER OF IMPORTANCE/ACTION OF CATEGORIES
A
PRABHAVA > VEERA > VIPAKA > RASA
unique) (potency) (effect) (taste
12
Q
NIGHANTU
A
dictionary of medicinal substances, usesful parts, morphology, properties, actions, and uses
13
Q
OUSHADHA DRAVYAS
A
ousha:essence dha: filled with MEDICINAL INGREDIENTS MUST BE 4 THINGS: -readily available -many medicinal properties -be potent in veerya, vipaka, rasa, -potenet in actions(karmas)
14
Q
DOSAGE CONSIDERATIONS
A
- strength of patient
- strength of disease
- duration of disease
- strength of herb
- strength of agni
- the season
- age/sex of client
15
Q
FORMS OF TREATMENTS UTILIZED
A
SWARASA: juice KALKA: paste(butter consistency), puree, powder KWATHA: decoction (a bit watery) HIMA: cold infusion FANTA: hot infusion TAILAM: medicated oils GHRITAM: medicated ghee AASAVAM: ayurvedic wine with cold infusion or juice of herb ARISHTAM: ayurvedic wine made concoction POWDERS PILLS
16
Q
WHEN TO TAKE HERBS
A
- EMPTY STOMACH *kapha conditions
- BEFORE MEALS *vata conditions(increases agni/apana vayu)
- DURING MEALS *samana vayu/improves digestion
- AFTER MEALS *lunch:vyana(heart) *dinner:udana(lung)
- FREQUENTLY/CONSISTENTLY
* heartburn, cough, asthma, thirst, hiccups - BEFORE BED *ear, nose,throat/prana vayu, laxative
17
Q
ADMINISTRATION CHANNELS
A
MOUTH NOSE EYES EAR ANUS URETHRA VAGINA SKIN
18
Q
ANUPANA (carriers) BASED ON DHATUS
A
RASA: water, rock sugar, milk RAKTA: milk, honey, rock sugar MAMSA: honey MEDA: herbal wines ASTI: milk, bone soup MAJJA: herbal wines SHUKLA: milk
19
Q
COMMON ANUPANAS BY DOSHA
A
VATA: sesame oil, warm water
PITTA: ghee, cool water, milk
KAPHA: honey, warm water
20
Q
ANUPANA FUNCTIONS
A
- masking taste
- strengthen the action
- to neutralize an undesired effect
- to protect the effect (for strong agni person)
- to target certain organ
21
Q
**RECIPE TO PREVENT MENTAL DISEASE
A
1) DHEE (right knowledge)
2) DHAIRYA (courage)
3) ATMADHI (spiritual awareness)
22
Q
AMLA
A
light,dry, cold
all tastes except salty (mostly sour)
sweet+cooling
*rejuvinative, aphrodisiac, laxative, BLEEDING DISORDERS, hemostatic, antiaging, vitamin c, deepana, ama pachana, anolomana, agnimadiya, ulkcersm acid reflux, anemia, diabetes
23
Q
ASHWAGANDHA
A
light, moist sweet, bitter, astringent sweet+heating -decreases vata+kapha *sedative, rasayana, aphrodisiac, antiaging, anelgesic, strengthens uterus, infertility, cough, ashma, migraines, muscle pain, emaciation, stress, anxiety, nerve pain, MS, sciatica, rheumatism, builds iummunity+dhatus
24
Q
BALA
A
heavy, moist, slimy,
sweet+cooling
decreases vata+pitta
*rejuvinative, nervine, aphrodisiac, analgesic
25
VIBHITAKI
```
fruit
dry, light
astringent
sweet+heating
-decreases kapha+pitta
*rejuvinative, laxative, antiseptic, cough, congestion, migraines, insomnia
```
26
BRAHMI
```
whole plant
light, bitter, astringent, sweet
sweet+cooling
decreases vata+pitta
*calms the mind, anxiety, incoherant speech, dullness, fever, memory, epilepsy, delusions, hallucinations, pain, inflammation, diuretic,
```
27
ERRANDA (castor)
```
heavy, moist, sharp, subtle
sweet, pungent, bitter
pungent+heating
-decreases kapha+vata
*strong purgative
*cleanses AND nourishes
-rejuvinative for menstral cycle and reproductive organs
*breast milk production
-pelvic diseases, blood diseases (rakta)
```
28
GINGER
```
DRY: light, moist, sweet
FRESH: dry, sharp, heavy, pungent
pungent+heating
-decreases vata+kapha
*fresh aggrevates pitta
-stimulates agni, stimulant, anelgesic, joints, conjestion, inflammation, cough, allergies, pain, spasms, postpartum
```
29
GUADUCHI
```
Guna:Light, dry and soft
Rasa: Astringent, bitter, pungent
Vipaka: Sweet
Veerya: Heating
*balances all 3 doshas
*strengthens dhatus
*pitta+vata conditions
*Dhatu agnideepana, ama pachana, Dhatu strengthening, Rasayana (nutritive), alterative, antiaging, antipyretic
```
30
GUGGULU
```
Guna: light, sharp. subtle, dry
Rasa: bitter, astringent, pungent
Vipaka: Pungent
Veerya: Ushna (heating)
*stimulant, scraping, rejuvinative, strengthens tissues, skin diseases, cholesterol
```
31
HARITAKI
```
HARA: eliminates/removes (doshas, disease, malas)
Guna: light, dry
Rasa: mainly astringent, all but salty
Vipaka: Sweet
Vipaka: ushna (heating)
*balances vata+pitta/kapha
*in triphala
**balances all dosha, vata
*dhatus, digestion, burning, eys, intellegence, urinary+kidney, teeth, respiratory, rasanyana. blockages, fearlessness (abhaya)
```
32
KATUKI
```
ROOT
Guna: light, dry
Rasa: Bitter
Vipaka: Pungent
Veerya: Shetha (cooling)
*decreases kapha+pitta
*laxative, jaundice, liver, blood pressure, agni, bleeding, cough, asthma, fever
```
33
KUMARI
```
ALOE VERA
Guna: bitter, sweet, heavy, unctuous
Rasa: Bitter, sweet
Vipaka: Sweet
Veerya: Cooling
*decreases all doshas, balancing, rejuvinative, inflammation, laxative, deepana, panchana, colic, worms
```
34
MANJISHTHA
```
ROOT
Guna: Heavy, Dry
Rasa :Bitter, astringent, sweet
Vipaka: Pungent
Veerya: Heating
*Decreases doshas, wounds, blood, circulation, inflammation, acne, skin, menstruation!!
```
35
MUSTA
```
RHIZOME/BULB
Guna: light, dry
Rasa: Pungent, bitter, astringent
Vipaka: Pungent
Veerya: Cooling
*decreases kapha+pitta, stimulant, rashes, deepana, panchana, grahi (diarrea, indigestion, malabsorption), fevers, breast milk, memory, nerves, kidney/urinary
```
36
NIMBA(NEEM)
```
GUNA: light, dry
RASA: bittwer, astrigent, pungent
VIPAKA: pungent
VEERYA: cooling (sheeta)
*decreases pitta+kapha, antibiotic, antiseptic, purifys blood, wounds, ulcers, teeth, fevers, skin, pesticides
```
37
PIPPALI(long pepper)
```
GUNA: light, moist, sharp
RASA: pungent, bitter
VIPAKA: sweet
VEERYA: ushna (heating, mildly)
*decreases kapha and vata
**agnideepana, liver, spleen, lung issues, anemia, digests ama, rasayana, childbirth, postdelivery to cleanse uterus
```
38
PUNARNAVA
FLOWER/PLANT
GUNA: light, dry (white) light (red)
RASA: pungent, sweet, bitter, astringent (white) bitter (red)
VIPAKA: pungent
VEERYA: heating/ushna (white) cooling/sheeta (red)
* sweeling, hypertension, weight gain, heart, rakta dhatu, urinary, agni, liver, absorbs, liver, spleen, anemia, cleanses dhatus, removes malas, rasanyana
39
SHATAVARI
```
ROOT
GUNA: heavy, moist, soft
RASA: sweet, bitter
VIPAKA: sweet
VEERYA: SHEETA (COOLING)
*balances pitta+vata
**diuretic, aphrodesiac, calming, cooling, nutritive rasayana, fertility, reproductive organs, heart, digestive disorders, lungs, urinary, breasr milk, ojas, memory, sperm, ovulation, strengthens blood vessels
```
40
TULSI
```
HOLY BASIL
GUNA: light, moist, sharp
RASA: pungent, bitter
VIPAKA: pungent
VEERYA: heating
*antibacterial, blood purifying, lungs, agnideepana, diuretic, fevers, deoderant,
```
41
YASHTIMADHU/LICORICE
```
GUNA: heavy, moist
RASA: sweet, astrigent
VIPAKA: sweet
VEERYA: cooling
*rejuvinative, laxative, sedative, tonic, expectorant, demulcent, cough, ashtma, throat, urinary, bleeding, ulcers, heartburn, shukra dhatu, ojas, skin, mamsa dhatu, vision, builds dhatus and slows aging
```
42
TRIKATU
(3 HEATINGS)
PIPPALI, BLACK PEPPER, GINGER
*digestive problems, weight loss, cough, asthma, reduces kapha+vata
43
TRIPHALA
HARITAKI, AMALAKI, VIBHITAKI
| *constipation/blockages, vision, digestion, skin, rasayana
44
SAMPRATI
entire pathogenesis of disease (stages of disease)
45
PRIMARY FORMULATIONS(5)
1. SWARASA (juices)
2. KALKAS (pastes, powders, purees)
3. KWATHA (decoctions)
4. HIMA (cold infusion)
5. FANTA (hot infusion)
46
SECONDARY FORMULATIONS (7)
1. CHURNAS (powders)
2. THALIAS (oils)
3. GRITHAM (ghees)
4. LEYHA/AVALEHAS (jams)
5. AASAVAM/ARISHTAM (cold wines/fermentation wines-hot)
6. GULIKA/GUDIKA (pills, tablets)
7. VATAKA (gummies, chewies)
47
DRAVYAS (substances)
-CAUSAL(9): 5 Panchamahabhutas, atma(soul), mana(mind), kala(time), disha(direction)
-EFFECTUAL (innumerable)
KARANA/KARYA
48
APTA
sages were "apta"
*having only only sattvic qualities
(without rajas or tamas)
49
GANDUSHA
filling mouth all the way
50
KAVALA
swishing (not full)
