106

Question 1

The amount of nutrients we should get every day for superior health is reflected as:
RDA
ODA
MDR
UL

Answer 1

ODA

Optimum Daily Allowance

Question 2

A substance that needs to be present in addition to an enzyme, for a certain reaction to take place is called a:

Answer 2

Cofactor

Question 3

The roles minerals play in our bodies include:

Answer 3

• Enzyme cofactors
• Anti-inflammatory
• Antioxidant

Question 4

The term Biological Response Modifier refers to a substance that:

Answer 4

Changes something in your biology

Question 5

Mineral deficiencies are common due to:

Answer 5

Aging
SAD
Commercial agriculture

Question 6

Trace minerals include: (list 6)

Answer 6

Selenium
boron
silicon
molybdenum
vanadium
iodine

Question 7

Foods an NC would recommend to a client who needed more calcium in her diet would include:

• Goat’s milk and walnuts
• Canned sardines and collard greens
• Dates and dried figs
• Spinach and brown rice

Answer 7

Canned sardines and collard greens

Question 8

When blood calcium decreases, the __________ gland secretes a hormone to help bring it to normal levels.

Answer 8

Parathyroid (regulates calcium levels)

Question 9

Osteoporosis is a precursor to osteopenia.

T/F

Answer 9

F

Question 10

According to The Encyclopedia of Healing Foods, a trace mineral that is critical to bone health (possibly by helping to convert vitamin D to its active form) is

Answer 10

Boron (bones)

Question 11

A deficiency of magnesium may manifest as: (3)

Answer 11

• High blood pressure
• Cardiac arrhythmias
• Leg cramps

Question 12

The group of nutrients capable of conducting current to facilitate metabolism are ions known as:

Answer 12

Electrolytes

Question 13

Electrolytes are critical in helping the body to:

Answer 13

Regulate fluid balance, blood pressure, and pH

Question 14

Which of the following facilitates the transport of glucose into a cell?

Answer 14

Sodium-potassium pump

Question 15

The body’s primary energy is called:

Answer 15

ATP

Question 16

______________refers to the ability of a nutrient to be absorbed and utilized by the body.

Answer 16

Bioavailability

Question 17

The best food source of potassium from among the following is:
Apple
Avocado
Chicken
Carrot

Answer 17

Avocado

Question 18

The most abundant source of many trace minerals may be found in:

Answer 18

Sea Vegetables

Question 19

__________ is a trace mineral that is a critical component of “glucose tolerance factor”:

Answer 19

Chromium (glucose tolerance)

Question 20

What nutrient is important in the transport of oxygen in blood and in muscle tissue and energy enzyme reactions?

Answer 20

Iron (transfers oxygen from lungs to blood)

Question 21

Potassium is concentrated in:

Answer 21

The skins, rinds, and stalks of plants

Question 22

Which of the following minerals are important to the formation of an antioxidant called superoxide dismutase?

Answer 22

Zinc and copper.

(Superoxide dismutase is an enzyme that helps break down potentially harmful oxygen molecules in cells, which might prevent damage to tissues.)

Question 23

Avoiding which of these is critical for maintaining the body's iodine levels?
Fluoride
Excessive unfermented soy foods
Chlorine
Bromide

Answer 23

Fluoride
Excessive unfermented soy foods
Chlorine

Question 24

Fatigue, palpitations, pale skin, and rapid heart rate are all symptoms of:

Answer 24

Iron deficiency-associated anemia

Question 25

Megaloblastic anemia (enlarged, immature red blood cells) are symptoms of a deficiency of:

Answer 25

Vitamin B12 and/or folate (also a B vit)

Question 26

Severe ________ deficiency can lead to diminished appetite, loss of taste and smell, delayed sexual maturation, and impaired wound healing.

Answer 26

Zinc (immune system. wound healing. needed for making proteins and dna)

Question 27

The thyroid hormones T4 and T3 are dependent on which mineral for their manufacture?

Answer 27

Iodine (for thyroid)

Question 28

_________ is a critical antioxidant mineral because it is chemically part of glutathione peroxidase, an essential antioxidant enzyme.

Answer 28

Selenium (is an antioxidant)

Question 29

The B vitamin that assists in neurotransmitter production, homocysteine regulation, and synthesis of melatonin is:

Answer 29

Pyridoxine (neuroprotective. energy)

Question 30

Vegans are frequently deficient in which B vitamin?

Answer 30

B12 (is essential for building blood cells and maintaining healthy nerve cells in the body.)

Question 31

This under-appreciated vitamin keeps calcium in bones, and helps prevent arterial calcification.

Answer 31

K2 (activates calcium binding properties)

Question 32

Food sources of vitamin D include:
Sardines
Carrots, yams
Egg yolks, butter
Spinach, uncooked peas

Answer 32

Egg yolks, butter
Sardines
(fat. animal foods)

Question 33

Recent research seems to indicate that the gamma fraction of this vitamin may be even more powerful than the alpha fraction in preventing heart disease.

Answer 33

E (antioxidant)

Question 34

Quercetin, rutin, naringen, and catechin are all:

Answer 34

Flavonoids (any of a class of nonnitrogenous biological pigments (biochromes) that includes the anthocyanins and the anthoxanthins.)

Question 35

Lutein and other carotenes are known for their ability to:

Answer 35

• Provide protection against many cancers
• Guard against free radical damage
• Protect the eyes

{The human body converts beta carotene into vitamin A (retinol)}

Question 36

Vitamin K2, the form used for moving calcium into and out of tissues, is found in the diet primarily in:

Answer 36

Animal foods

Question 37

Glandulars may contain:

Answer 37

Neurotransmitters
Enzymes
Nutrients
Hormones

Question 38

Appropriate supplement use includes:

Answer 38

• To correct deficiencies
• To slow down aging
• To prevent chronic disease
• To protect from toxicity

Question 39

JAMA, in 2002, reversed its decision on supplements and declared that suboptimal levels of vitamins are a risk factor for chronic diseases.
T/F

Answer 39

T