102 Flashcards
Intestinal microflora do all of the following jobs
Control growth of harmful microorganisms.
Make vitamins.
Regulate immune function
‘Yeast against yeast’ refers to what species of beneficial microorganism?
Saccharomyces boulardii
Prebiotics contain ____________ and ___________ that specifically support probiotic activity.
Inulin and fructooligosaccharides
The microbe that is generally associated with stomach ulcers is called:
Helicobacter pylori
Describes IBS
Involves inflammation
May be associated with food allergies
May be triggered by stress
Involves constipation and/or diarrhea
Optimal bowel transit time
18 to 24 hours
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are produced by:
Good colonic flora
Pancreas role in digestion :
Secretes sodium bicarbonate to neutralize chyme from the stomach
The process of converting proteins to amino acids involves the action(s) of:
HCl and pepsin
Protease enzyme
Peptidases
Carbohydrates are absorbed in the small intestines in the form of:
Monosaccharides
The liver and gallbladder must provide________ to help _______ digest fats
Bile, lipase
Our thoughts and emotions can affect the following digestive actions, T or F?
Enzyme secretion
Gut motility
GI hormone release
T
The liver is the most essential organ involved in:
Detoxification
Liver/gallbladder friendly plants include:
Dandelion root, milk thistle, & artichoke leaf
An immune response to food that results in the production of antibodies is called:
Allergy
The rhythmic pattern of movement throughout the digestive tract is known as:
Peristalsis
The 4-R program is used to address which of the following conditions? Dysbiosis Indigestion Leaky gut Allergies
Dysbiosis
Indigestion
Leaky gut
Allergies
The following organs need an alkaline environment in which to operate properly:
Mouth, esophagus, & small intestines
In order to build mineral reserves in the body, it’s best to eat:
Broths & mineral teas
Sea vegetables
Leafy green vegetables
If the stomach’s parietal cells secrete insufficient intrinsic factor, the result might be a deficiency of:
B12
Lingual lipase, amylase, & mucus are all secretions of the:
Mouth
The functions of hydrochloric acid include
Ionization of minerals
Initiation of protein digestion
Kill incoming microbes
The first few inches of the duodenum are acidic until bicarbonate enters to alkalinize the area. T or F
True
Food allergy and food intolerance are the same thing. T or F
False
HCl
Hydrochloric Acid
The chemical is needed in order to activate a stomach enzyme that digests the proteins in food. Hydrochloric acid also kills many bacteria that enter the stomach, protecting us from harm.
Pepsin
Enzymes that breaks down proteins. It is a protease
Protease enzyme
Breaks down proteins
Peptidases
Alternative name for a protease. Any enzyme that catalyzes the splitting of proteins into smaller peptide fractions and amino acids by a process known as proteolysis
Breakdown of Carbs
polysaccharide to disaccharide to monosaccharide
Insulin
A hormone that helps regular blood sugar levels.
Insulin helps to control the amount of glucose dissolved in the blood. Insulin prevents the blood sugar level from rising too high.
Where is Bile made and stored?
Liver. Stored in Gall Bladder
What is the 4 R Program
Remove - identify and remove the factors that may be contributing to your symptoms
Replace - replace stomach acid and digestive enzymes, which may be lacking in your gut
Reinoculate - reinoculate your gut with good bacteria to help regain a healthy microflora balance
Repair - repair the lining of your gut through good nutrition—this can take up to six months
Oligosaccharides and Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS):
Types of carbohydrate found in some fruits and vegetables, including leeks, onions, asparagus, jicama, bananas, garlic, and Jerusalem artichokes
The three areas of the small intestines
duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.
SIgA
an antibody that plays a crucial role in the immune function of mucous membranes.
GALT is primarily responsible for: Immune surveillance Eliminating waste material Nervous system communication Digesting macronutrients
Immune surveillance
