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Fundamentals of Nutrition > 102 > Flashcards

102 Flashcards

1
Q

Intestinal microflora do all of the following jobs

A

Control growth of harmful microorganisms.
Make vitamins.
Regulate immune function

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2
Q

‘Yeast against yeast’ refers to what species of beneficial microorganism?

A

Saccharomyces boulardii

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3
Q

Prebiotics contain ____________ and ___________ that specifically support probiotic activity.

A

Inulin and fructooligosaccharides

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4
Q

The microbe that is generally associated with stomach ulcers is called:

A

Helicobacter pylori

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5
Q

Describes IBS

A

Involves inflammation
May be associated with food allergies
May be triggered by stress
Involves constipation and/or diarrhea

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6
Q

Optimal bowel transit time

A

18 to 24 hours

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7
Q

Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are produced by:

A

Good colonic flora

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8
Q

Pancreas role in digestion :

A

Secretes sodium bicarbonate to neutralize chyme from the stomach

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9
Q

The process of converting proteins to amino acids involves the action(s) of:

A

HCl and pepsin
Protease enzyme
Peptidases

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10
Q

Carbohydrates are absorbed in the small intestines in the form of:

A

Monosaccharides

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11
Q

The liver and gallbladder must provide________ to help _______ digest fats

A

Bile, lipase

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12
Q

Our thoughts and emotions can affect the following digestive actions, T or F?
Enzyme secretion
Gut motility
GI hormone release

A

T

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13
Q

The liver is the most essential organ involved in:

A

Detoxification

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14
Q

Liver/gallbladder friendly plants include:

A

Dandelion root, milk thistle, & artichoke leaf

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15
Q

An immune response to food that results in the production of antibodies is called:

A

Allergy

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16
Q

The rhythmic pattern of movement throughout the digestive tract is known as:

A

Peristalsis

17
Q 
The 4-R program is used to address which of the following conditions?
Dysbiosis
Indigestion
Leaky gut
Allergies
A

Dysbiosis
Indigestion
Leaky gut
Allergies

18
Q

The following organs need an alkaline environment in which to operate properly:

A

Mouth, esophagus, & small intestines

19
Q

In order to build mineral reserves in the body, it’s best to eat:

A

Broths & mineral teas
Sea vegetables
Leafy green vegetables

20
Q

If the stomach’s parietal cells secrete insufficient intrinsic factor, the result might be a deficiency of:

A

B12

21
Q

Lingual lipase, amylase, & mucus are all secretions of the:

A

Mouth

22
Q

The functions of hydrochloric acid include

A

Ionization of minerals
Initiation of protein digestion
Kill incoming microbes

23
Q

The first few inches of the duodenum are acidic until bicarbonate enters to alkalinize the area. T or F

A

True

24
Q

Food allergy and food intolerance are the same thing. T or F

A

False

25
Q

HCl

A

Hydrochloric Acid

The chemical is needed in order to activate a stomach enzyme that digests the proteins in food. Hydrochloric acid also kills many bacteria that enter the stomach, protecting us from harm.

26
Q

Pepsin

A

Enzymes that breaks down proteins. It is a protease

27
Q

Protease enzyme

A

Breaks down proteins

28
Q

Peptidases

A

Alternative name for a protease. Any enzyme that catalyzes the splitting of proteins into smaller peptide fractions and amino acids by a process known as proteolysis

29
Q

Breakdown of Carbs

A

polysaccharide to disaccharide to monosaccharide

30
Q

Insulin

A

A hormone that helps regular blood sugar levels.

Insulin helps to control the amount of glucose dissolved in the blood. Insulin prevents the blood sugar level from rising too high.

31
Q

Where is Bile made and stored?

A

Liver. Stored in Gall Bladder

32
Q

What is the 4 R Program

A

Remove - identify and remove the factors that may be contributing to your symptoms

Replace - replace stomach acid and digestive enzymes, which may be lacking in your gut

Reinoculate - reinoculate your gut with good bacteria to help regain a healthy microflora balance

Repair - repair the lining of your gut through good nutrition—this can take up to six months

33
Q

Oligosaccharides and Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS):

A

Types of carbohydrate found in some fruits and vegetables, including leeks, onions, asparagus, jicama, bananas, garlic, and Jerusalem artichokes

34
Q

The three areas of the small intestines

A

duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

35
Q

SIgA

A

an antibody that plays a crucial role in the immune function of mucous membranes.

36
Q 
GALT is primarily responsible for:
Immune surveillance 
Eliminating waste material 
Nervous system communication 
Digesting macronutrients
A

Immune surveillance

Fundamentals of Nutrition (6 decks)

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