103 Flashcards
Best sources of dietary fiber
vegetables, legumes, fruits and seeds.
Biochemical individuality determines:
Gene expression
Energy production
Toxic chemicals in one’s body
Organ functioning
Energy production is depleted by
Muscle tension
Insufficient rest and relaxation
Excessive workouts
Chemicals in food and water
Energy production processes in Krebs cycle and Electron Transport Chain require oxygen. T or F
True
Free radicals can damage the following cell structures:
cell membrane
mitochondria
dna
Metabolic reactions are mediated by:
Vitamins
Minerals
Enzymes and coenzymes
Metabolism consists of:
- Chemical reactions happening in cells to maintain life
- Breaking down large molecules into small ones with release of energy
- Building up large molecules from small ones using energy
Natural elements:
A. Do not decompose
B. Can be reused and recycled by all living organisms.
B
Phytonutrients can optimize insulin signaling. T/F
T
Phytonutrients include the following protective compounds found in plants:
- Antioxidants
- Polyphenols
- Bioflavonoids
Pyruvate. Define and what it can be made from.
A main substrate for energy production, can be made out of glucose, fatty acids, and amino acids.
The following foods currently can be GMO except:
- papaya
- sugar
- soy
- lemons
Lemons
The major components of the cell membrane
The major components of a cell membrane are phospholipids, glycolipids, proteins, and cholesterol.
The preferred source of energy production is protein: T or F
False
What is the most prevalent element in the human body?
Oxygen
Which antioxidants can be obtained from food as well as synthesized in the body:
- Alpha lipoic acid
- Coenzyme Q10
- Glutathione
Which factors can damage cells?
Toxicity and inflammation
Functions of a cell?
- Transforming nutrients into energy
- Responding to stimuli
- Adaptation
- Repair and regeneration
Which of these does not cause wheat sensitivity: Fungicides Pesticide glyphosate Enzyme inhibitors Drinking tap water
Drinking tap water
Which molecules increase the flexibility and permeability of the cell membrane?
- Essential fatty acids
- Polyunsaturated fat
Kreb Cycle
A The citric acid cycle (CAC) or the Krebs cycle– is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and carbon dioxide.
B The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle, is involved in cell respiration and produces NADH and FADH2 for the electron transport chain. The Krebs cycle also produces two ATP, but much more ATP is produced later, in the electron transport chain, so that is not its main purpose.
Electron transport chain
The electron transport chain is the final stage of aerobic respiration leading to the forming of ATP in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion
Phytonutrients can optimize genetic expression. T/F
T
