10.3 Phylogeny

Question 1

What is phylogeny

Answer 1

Is the name given to the evolutionary relationship between organisms. Revealing how closely related the organisms are to

Question 2

What s a phylogenetic tree

Answer 2

A diagram used to represent the evolutionary relationship between organisms

Question 3

Describe the structure of phylogenetic tree

Answer 3

They are branched diagrams showing different species have evolved from common ancestor
Earliest species found at the base of tree and most recent species found at the tips of the branches

Question 4

How are phylogenetic tree produced

Answer 4

Looking at similarities and differences in species physical characteristics and genetic makeup
most evidence gained from fossils

Question 5

How do u interpret phylogenetic tree

Answer 5

1. Tips - represent groups of descendants organisms
2. Nodes on the tree (points where new lines branch off) - represent common ancestors of those descendants
3. Two descendants that split from the same node are called sister groups
4. The closer the branches of the tree the closer th evolutionary relationship

Question 6

What is some advantages of phylogenetic classification

Answer 6

1. It can be done without reference to Linnaean classification
2. It produces a continuous tree whereas classification requires taxonomical groups
3. The hierarchy nature of Linnaean classification can be misleading as it implies different groups within the same and are equivalent phylogenetic classification doesnt