10) Dermatopathology Flashcards
What is the class for Hydrocortisone
Steroid
What are the therapeutics for Hydrocortisone
Dermatitis, psoriasis
What are the important side effects for Hydrocortisone
Atrophy/thinning of skin (collagen), stretch marks, talangiectasias, acne, cataract or glaucoma if applied near eye
What are the other side effects for Hydrocortisone
Systemically, affects hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis –> growth retardation
What are the miscellaneous for Hydrocortisone
Seven classes, w/class I being the strongest and class VII being the weakest; side effects may be permanent
What is the class for Cyclosporine
Immunosuppressant
What are the therapeutics for Cyclosporine
Inflammatory conditions (psoriasis)
What are the important side effects for Cyclosporine
Raise blood pressure, damage kidneys if used long-term
What is the class for Methotrexate
Folate analog
What is the mechanism for Methotrexate
Inhibits DHFR
What are the therapeutics for Methotrexate
Inflammatory conditions (psoriasis), conditions needing immunosuppression
What are the important side effects for Methotrexate
Hepatotoxicity (develops slowly, can give up to 4.5 g over life); pulmonary toxicity (develops quickly); leukopenia; rarely, renal toxicity
What are the other side effects for Methotrexate
Nausea, vomiting
What are the miscellaneous for Methotrexate
PO, IM (1/week); any drug increasing unbound protein may cause methotrexate toxicity (sulfa, salicylates, TCN, phenytoin)
What is the mechanism for Biologics
Block TNF-a
What are the therapeutics for Biologics
Inflammatory conditions, arthritis
What are the important side effects for Biologics
Few (may unmask neurologic disease, latent infections (must do PPDs), malignancies)
What are the miscellaneous for Biologics
Costly
What is the class for UV light therapy
UVA, UVB, UVC
What is the mechanism for UV light therapy
Immunosuppression of T-cells via type I or type II reactions –> mono- or bifunctional adducts in DNA
What are the therapeutics for UV light therapy
Inflammatory conditions: atopic dermatitis, CTCL, lichen planus, psoriasis (not useful for non-inflammatory conditions)
What are the important side effects for UV light therapy
Skin cancer, thinning/leathering of skin
What are the miscellaneous for UV light therapy
Usually used with psoralens (photosensitizing agents that increase efficacy); phenothiazines, thiazides, sulfonamides, NSAIDs, tetracycline, benzodiazapenes also sensitize skin to light therapy
What is the class for Isotretinoin (Accutane)
Retinoid
What is the mechanism for Isotretinoin (Accutane)
Stimulate epithelial cell turnover; also anti-inflammatory
What are the therapeutics for Isotretinoin (Accutane)
Acne
What are the important side effects for Isotretinoin (Accutane)
Teratogenic effects (washes out in three weeks)
What are the miscellaneous for Isotretinoin (Accutane)
Good as adjunct to other therapies
What is the class for Acitretin (Soriatane)
Retinoid
What is the mechanism for Acitretin (Soriatane)
Stimulate epithelial cell turnover; also anti-inflammatory
What are the therapeutics for Acitretin (Soriatane)
Psoriasis
What are the important side effects for Acitretin (Soriatane)
Teratogenic effects (stays in fat stores for three years)
What are the miscellaneous for Acitretin (Soriatane)
Good as adjunct to other therapies
