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Pharm U2 > 1) Cholinomimetics > Flashcards

1) Cholinomimetics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the class for Bethanechol (Urecholine)

A

Direct acting carbamic acid ester

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2
Q

What is the mechanism for Bethanechol (Urecholine)

A

Direct-acting muscarinic cholinomimetic

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3
Q

What are the therapeutics for Bethanechol (Urecholine)

A

Post-operative and neurogenic ileus; urinary retention (bowel and bladder smooth muscle ACh-innervated)

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4
Q

What are the important side effects for Bethanechol (Urecholine)

A

SLUDGE

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5
Q

What is the class for Muscarine

A

Direct acting non-ester alkaloid

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6
Q

What is the mechanism for Muscarine

A

Direct-acting muscarinic cholinomimetic

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7
Q

What are the important side effects for Muscarine

A

SLUDGE

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8
Q

What is the class for Pilocarpine (Salagen)

A

Direct acting non-ester alkaloid

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9
Q

What is the mechanism for Pilocarpine (Salagen)

A

Direct-acting muscarinic cholinomimetic

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10
Q

What are the therapeutics for Pilocarpine (Salagen)

A

Glaucoma (ACh activates sphincter and ciliary muscles of eye)

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11
Q

What are the important side effects for Pilocarpine (Salagen)

A

SLUDGE

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12
Q

What is the class for Cevimeline (Evoxac)

A

Direct acting non-ester alkaloid

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13
Q

What is the mechanism for Cevimeline (Evoxac)

A

Direct-acting muscarinic cholinomimetic

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14
Q

What are the therapeutics for Cevimeline (Evoxac)

A

Dry mouth (in, e.g., Sjogren’s, post-radiation therapy; via increased salivation)

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15
Q

What are the important side effects for Cevimeline (Evoxac)

A

SLUDGE

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16
Q

What is the class for Nicotine (NRT)

A

Direct acting non-ester alkaloid

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17
Q

What is the mechanism for Nicotine (NRT)

A

Direct-acting nicotinic cholinomimetic

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18
Q

What are the therapeutics for Nicotine (NRT)

A

Smoking cessation (reduces cravings)

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19
Q

What is the class for Neostigmine (Prostigmin)

A

Indirect acting carbamate

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20
Q

What is the mechanism for Neostigmine (Prostigmin)

A

AChE inhibitor (short acting)

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21
Q

What are the therapeutics for Neostigmine (Prostigmin)

A

Post-operative and neurogenic ileus; urinary retention; myasthenia gravis; reversal of neuromuscular blockade

22
Q

What are the important side effects for Neostigmine (Prostigmin)

A

SLUDGE + general increase in cholinergic neurotransmission; paralysis

23
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Neostigmine (Prostigmin)

A

Lasts 0.5-2 hours

24
Q

What is the class for Physostigmine (Eserine)

A

Indirect acting carbamate

25
Q

What is the mechanism for Physostigmine (Eserine)

A

AChE inhibitor (short acting)

26
Q

What are the therapeutics for Physostigmine (Eserine)

A

Glaucoma (ACh activates papillary sphincter and ciliary muscles of eye)

27
Q

What are the important side effects for Physostigmine (Eserine)

A

SLUDGE + general increase in cholinergic neurotransmission; paralysis

28
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Physostigmine (Eserine)

A

Lasts 0.5-2 hours

29
Q

What is the class for Donepezil (Aricept)

A

Indirect acting non-ester

30
Q

What is the mechanism for Donepezil (Aricept)

A

AChE inhibitor

31
Q

What are the therapeutics for Donepezil (Aricept)

A

Alzheimer’s (amplifies endogenous ACh in brain)

32
Q

What are the important side effects for Donepezil (Aricept)

A

SLUDGE + general increase in cholinergic neurotransmission; paralysis

33
Q

What is the class for Edrophonium (Enlon)

A

Indirect acting non-ester

34
Q

What is the mechanism for Edrophonium (Enlon)

A

AChE inhibitor (v. short acting)

35
Q

What are the therapeutics for Edrophonium (Enlon)

A

Myasthenia gravis (differentiating deficiency versus ACh crisis); ileus

36
Q

What are the important side effects for Edrophonium (Enlon)

A

SLUDGE + general increase in cholinergic neurotransmission; paralysis

37
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Edrophonium (Enlon)

A

Lasts 5-15 minutes

38
Q

What is the class for Echothiophate (Phospholine)

A

Indirect acting organophosphate

39
Q

What is the mechanism for Echothiophate (Phospholine)

A

AChE inhibitor (long acting)

40
Q

What are the therapeutics for Echothiophate (Phospholine)

A

Glaucoma (ACh activates papillary sphincter and ciliary muscles of eye)

41
Q

What are the important side effects for Echothiophate (Phospholine)

A

SLUDGE + general increase in cholinergic neurotransmission; paralysis

42
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Echothiophate (Phospholine)

A

Lasts >100 hours

43
Q

What is the class for Pralidoxime (Protopam)

A

Strong nucleophile

44
Q

What is the mechanism for Pralidoxime (Protopam)

A

Regenerates phosphorylated AChE

45
Q

What are the therapeutics for Pralidoxime (Protopam)

A

Poisoning by nerve gas, insecticide

46
Q

What is the class for Sarin

A

Very potent indirect acting organophosphate

47
Q

What is the mechanism for Sarin

A

AChE inhibitor

48
Q

What are the therapeutics for Sarin

A

Volatile nerve gas

49
Q

What are the important side effects for Sarin

A

SLUDGE + general increase in cholinergic neurotransmission; paralysis

50
Q

What are the other side effects for Sarin

A

Death

51
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Sarin

A

Treat with pralidoxime and atropine before aging

Pharm U2 (11 decks)

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