10-D Superficial Face Flashcards
Sensory innervation of the face is supplied by what nerve?
trigeminal nerve
Muscles of facial expression are innervated by what?
facial nerve
Muscles of facial expression are derived from which branchial arch?
second branchial arch
What do facial muscles lack?
muscle spindles, they are also difficult to dissect and very delicate
What is facial paralysis also known as?
Bell’s Palsy
Facial muscles are subcutaneous muscles, what does that mean about their insertions or or origins?
facial muscles run from bones of the skull to the overlying skin
What muscles is used to close the eyelid?
orbicular is oculi
Why does one blink or close the eyelids?
to keep the cornea from drying
What muscle opens the eyelid? How is it innervated?
lavatory palpebrae superiors is innervated by CN III
Name the muscle that purses the lips, which is helpful in articulating speech, as well as keeping food in the mouth
orbicularis oris
This muscles forms the wall of the cheek, it is important in eating (keeping food between the teeth) and drinking, sucking, speech and playing trumpet
buccinator
What is the action of the platysma
creates the expression of “grimace”, used in expressing fear
Muscle that wrinkles the skin of the forehead.
occipto-fontalis
What are the five branches of the facial nerve?
temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular and cervical
The branchiomotor branches of the facial nerve pass through what?
the substance of the parotid salivary gland (parotid gland forms after the cranial nerves are established)
Besides branchiomotor fibers, what other types of fibers does the facial nerve carry?
parasympathetic to the superior salvitory nucleus, taste fibers to the anterior ⅔ of the tongue (solitary tract) and somatic sensory fibers from the auricular area to the spinal tract/nucleus of V
What is the chorda tympani?
carries parasympathetic fibers to salivary glands and fast to the anterior two thirds of the tongue
Where does the facial nerve leave the brainstem and how does it exit the cranial cavity?
leaves the brain stem in the region of the lower pons and via the internal acoustic meatus (located in the posterior cranial fossa);
Contrast the path of the different fiber types of the facial nerve (branchiomotor v. parasympathetic)
the branchiomotor component travels a bit farther in the facial canal before exiting the stylomastoid foramen (then splits into 5 branches) while the parasympathetic and taste fibers travel a different pathway in the temporal bone, exiting the the petrotympanic fissure
Where is the petrotympanic fissure?
a little slit between two components of the temporal bone at the back of the mandibular foramen
General sensory innervation of the superficial face comes from which nerve?
branches of the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve (major branches which emerge through foramina on the anterior aspect of the skull)
Where do the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve exit the cranial cavity?
superior orbital fissure (v1) foramen rotundum (V2) and the foramen oval (V3)
The trigeminal nerve is almost all sensory with the exception of this branch.
mandibular division (V3) carries branchiomotor to muscles of mastication and a couple others
Give an example of when other fibers join the sensory branches of V.
the chorda tympani from VII travels with the lingual branch of V3 (evident based on how branchial arches, and cranial nerves grow and differentiate)
The major blood supply of the face comes from _____ artery, which is a branch of the _____ ____ artery
facial artery, external carotid
