10-D Superficial Face

Question 1

Sensory innervation of the face is supplied by what nerve?

Answer 1

trigeminal nerve

Question 2

Muscles of facial expression are innervated by what?

Answer 2

facial nerve

Question 3

Muscles of facial expression are derived from which branchial arch?

Answer 3

second branchial arch

Question 4

What do facial muscles lack?

Answer 4

muscle spindles, they are also difficult to dissect and very delicate

Question 5

What is facial paralysis also known as?

Answer 5

Bell’s Palsy

Question 6

Facial muscles are subcutaneous muscles, what does that mean about their insertions or or origins?

Answer 6

facial muscles run from bones of the skull to the overlying skin

Question 7

What muscles is used to close the eyelid?

Answer 7

orbicular is oculi

Question 8

Why does one blink or close the eyelids?

Answer 8

to keep the cornea from drying

Question 9

What muscle opens the eyelid? How is it innervated?

Answer 9

lavatory palpebrae superiors is innervated by CN III

Question 10

Name the muscle that purses the lips, which is helpful in articulating speech, as well as keeping food in the mouth

Answer 10

orbicularis oris

Question 11

This muscles forms the wall of the cheek, it is important in eating (keeping food between the teeth) and drinking, sucking, speech and playing trumpet

Answer 11

buccinator

Question 12

What is the action of the platysma

Answer 12

creates the expression of “grimace”, used in expressing fear

Question 13

Muscle that wrinkles the skin of the forehead.

Answer 13

occipto-fontalis

Question 14

What are the five branches of the facial nerve?

Answer 14

temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular and cervical

Question 15

The branchiomotor branches of the facial nerve pass through what?

Answer 15

the substance of the parotid salivary gland (parotid gland forms after the cranial nerves are established)

Question 16

Besides branchiomotor fibers, what other types of fibers does the facial nerve carry?

Answer 16

parasympathetic to the superior salvitory nucleus, taste fibers to the anterior ⅔ of the tongue (solitary tract) and somatic sensory fibers from the auricular area to the spinal tract/nucleus of V

Question 17

What is the chorda tympani?

Answer 17

carries parasympathetic fibers to salivary glands and fast to the anterior two thirds of the tongue

Question 18

Where does the facial nerve leave the brainstem and how does it exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 18

leaves the brain stem in the region of the lower pons and via the internal acoustic meatus (located in the posterior cranial fossa);

Question 19

Contrast the path of the different fiber types of the facial nerve (branchiomotor v. parasympathetic)

Answer 19

the branchiomotor component travels a bit farther in the facial canal before exiting the stylomastoid foramen (then splits into 5 branches) while the parasympathetic and taste fibers travel a different pathway in the temporal bone, exiting the the petrotympanic fissure

Question 20

Where is the petrotympanic fissure?

Answer 20

a little slit between two components of the temporal bone at the back of the mandibular foramen

Question 21

General sensory innervation of the superficial face comes from which nerve?

Answer 21

branches of the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve (major branches which emerge through foramina on the anterior aspect of the skull)

Question 22

Where do the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve exit the cranial cavity?

Answer 22

superior orbital fissure (v1) foramen rotundum (V2) and the foramen oval (V3)

Question 23

The trigeminal nerve is almost all sensory with the exception of this branch.

Answer 23

mandibular division (V3) carries branchiomotor to muscles of mastication and a couple others

Question 24

Give an example of when other fibers join the sensory branches of V.

Answer 24

the chorda tympani from VII travels with the lingual branch of V3 (evident based on how branchial arches, and cranial nerves grow and differentiate)

Question 25

The major blood supply of the face comes from _____ artery, which is a branch of the _____ ____ artery

Answer 25

facial artery, external carotid