10. Accumulation of iron-containing pigments (hemoglobinogenic)

Question 1

What are the 2 Types of Iron-Containing Pigments?

Answer 1

1. Ferritin

2. Hemosiderin

Question 2

1| What is Ferritin?

Answer 2

A Ferroproteide

Located in Liver / Spleen / BM / Lymph Nodes

Question 3

2| What is Hemosiderin?

Answer 3

Ferric Iron

Formed via Ferritin Aggregation

Identified Via Light Microscopy as Golden-Yellow / Brown Granular Pigment

IN Mononuclear Phagocytes of BM / Spleen / Liver

PROVEN VIA Prussian Blue Reaction

Question 4

What is Hemosiderosis?

Answer 4

Accumulation of Hemosiderin

Question 5

What are the 2 Types of Hemosiderosis?

Answer 5

1. Local Hemosiderosis

2. Systemic Hemosiderosis

Question 6

1| What is Local Hemosiderosis?

Answer 6

Local Breakdown of RBCs in Tissues

E.g. Internal Haemorrhage

Mechanism = Extravascular Haemolysis

Occurs in Bruising + Haemorrhage

Pigment is Located INSIDE Cells of RETICULOENDOTHELIAL System

Question 7

1| What are Hemosiderin-Laden MFs known as in the Lungs?

Answer 7

Heart Failure Cells

Question 8

2| What is Systemic Hemosiderosis?

Answer 8

Aka Secondary Hemochromatosis

Mechanism = Intravascular Haemolysis

E.g. Haemolytic Anaemia = Liver / Spleen / Kidneys; Patient’s needing Blood Transfusion

Occurs in Patients w/ Chronic Ineffective Erythropoiesis / Thalassemia Major / Extreme Alcohol Intake

Pigment leaves DEEP BROWN Colour on Tissues / Organs in HIGH Conc

Question 9

What is Hematochromatosis?

Answer 9

Uncontrolled Absorption of Iron

LEADING to System Overload + Iron Deposition as Hemosiderin

Question 10

Where is Hemosiderin Deposited, in Hematochromatosis?

Answer 10

a. Pancreas = Associated w/ Fibrosis; Destruction of Islet Tissue LEADING to DM
b. Liver = Associated w/ Cirrhosis
c. Skin = Iron Deposition in Sweat Glands; Excessive Melanin LEADS to BRONZED DIABETES
d. Heart Muscle
e. Mesenteric Lymph Nodes