1.0

Question 1

one traditional grouping of mammals,
now recognized as a paraphyletic grouping

Answer 1

ungulata

Question 2

from Latin “ungula” (meaning hoof)

Answer 2

ungulate

Question 3

Two major groups of living hoofed mammals:

Answer 3

Artiodactyla (cloven-hooved mammals)
* Perissodactyla (odd-toed mammals)

Question 4

(cloven-hooved mammals)

Answer 4

artiodactyla

Question 5

(odd-toed mammals)

Answer 5

perissodactyla

Question 6

The earliest known ungulate, a small insectivore-like
animal with teeth slightly adapted for grinding.

Answer 6

protungulatum

Question 7

pigs, peccaries & hippopotami: primitive
artiodactyls

Answer 7

suborder suina

Question 8

camels & llamas: intermediate
artiodactyls

Answer 8

suborder tylopoda

Question 9

: cattle, antelopes, deer and giraffes:
advanced artiodactyls

Answer 9

suborder ruminantia

Question 10

their feet are paraxonic: the line of symmetry passes between
digits 3 and 4

Answer 10

artiodactyla

Question 11

has a so-called ‘double
pulley’ whereby both the connecting surfaces allow a rolling
action giving greater freedom of movement in the ankle.
Other ungulates lack this arrangement

Answer 11

astragalus (tarsal or ankle bone)

Question 12

tapirs and rhinoceroses.

Answer 12

ceratomorpha

Question 13

horses, palæotheresÝ & titanotheresÝ

Answer 13

Hippomorpha

Question 14

a third, now extinct, suborder

Answer 14

ancylopoda: chalicotheres

Question 15

equus caballus

Answer 15

horse

Question 16

equus burchelli

Answer 16

zebra

Question 17

The extinct ____ (1883), related to today’s plain zebra

Answer 17

quagga

Question 18

55 Million Years Ago
EOCENE ER

Answer 18

Eohippus

Question 19

35 Million Years Ago
OLIGOCENE ERA

Answer 19

Mesohippus

Question 20

30 Million Years Ago
OLIGOCENE ERA

Answer 20

Miohippus

Question 21

20 Million Years Ago
MIOCENE ERA

Answer 21

Mercychippus

Question 22

5 Million Years Ago
PLIOCENE ERA

Answer 22

Pliohippus

Question 23

4 Million Years Ago
MODERN ERA

Answer 23

Equus