1 Section I - Endocrine System

Question 1

true/false: hormones are used directly by their cells that produced them natively

Answer 1

false

Question 2

true or false: endocrine hormones make use of ducts

Answer 2

false - these would be exocrine

Question 3

what is the modern definition of hormones?

Answer 3

includes factors produced and used locally without entering the blood stream

Question 4

what are some reasons cells need to communicate?

Answer 4

• development of a fertilized egg to the adult organism (differentiation)
• maintenance
• reproduction

Question 5

what are the 3 layers of signaling networks?

Answer 5

• within cells
• between groups of cells (tissues)
• between tissues (organs)

Question 6

is it normally easy or difficult to knock out an endocrine response?

Answer 6

difficult; there is redundancy and compensatory mechanisms due to a whole signaling network

Question 7

where are signals generated?

Answer 7

hormone producing cells

Question 8

true or false: a cell can receive and respond to variou signals

Answer 8

true

Question 9

define the nervous system

Answer 9

direct connection between organs (fixed line telephone)

Question 10

define the endocrine system

Answer 10

sending chemical messages into the circulation (radio station)

Question 11

what are the main control systems of the body?

Answer 11

nervous and endocrine systems

Question 12

what does paracrine mean?

Answer 12

relating to or denoting a hormone which has effect only in the vicinity of the gland secreting it

Question 13

what does autocrine mean?

Answer 13

hormone released and received by the same cell