1. management process and functions Flashcards
_____ is the profession in which a knowledge of the mathematical and natural science gained by study, experience, and practice is applied with judgement to develop ways to utilize, economically, the materials and forces of nature for the benefit of mankind.
engineering
____ is a person appying his mathematical and science
knowledge properly for mankind.
engineer
____ is a discipline not an art.
engineering
______ is a set of activities (including planning and decision-making, organizing, leading and control)directed at an organization’s resources (human, financial, physical and informational) with the aim of achieving organizational goals in an efficient and effective manner.
management
_____ is getting things done.
management
_____ is directing the actions of a group to achieve a goal in most efficient manner.
management
_____ is the process of achieving organizational goals by working with and through people and organizational resources.
management
_____ is the direct supervision of engineers and/or the engineering function.
engineering management
_______ is the application of quantitative methods and engineering techniques to the practice of management.
engineering management
_____ is an engineer possesing both abilities to apply engineering principles and skills in organizing and directing people and projects
engineering manager
_____ is the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals, working together in groups, efficiently accomplish organizational goals/objectives.
engineering management
_____ applies to any kind of organization.
management
_____ applies to all managers at all organizational levels.
engineering management
_____ is concerned with productivity, which implies
effectiveness and efficiency.
management
10 functions of engineering
- research
- design and development
- testing
- manufacturing
- construction
- sales
- consulting
- government
- teaching
- management
_____ where the engineeris engaged in the process of learning about nature codifying hte knowledge into usable theories.
research
_____ where the engineer undertakes the activity of turning a product concept into a finished physical items.
design and development
_____ where the engineer works in a unit where new products or part are tested for workability.
testing
_____ where the engineer is directly in charge of production personnel or assumes responsibility for the product.
manufacturing
_____ is where the construction engineer is directly in charge of the construction personnel or may have responsibility for the quality of the construction process.
construction
_____ where the engineer assists the company’s customers to meet their needs, especially those that require technical expertise.
sales
_____ where the engineer works as a consultant of any individual or organization requiring his services.
consulting
_____ where the engineer may find employment in the government performing any of the various tasks in regulating, monitoring, and controlling the activities of various institutions, public or private.
government
_____ where the engineer gets employment in a school and os assigned as a teacher of engineering courses. Some of them become deans, vice presidents, and presidents.
teaching
_____ where the engineer is assigned to manage groups of people performing specific tasks.
management
2 types of management
- functional/discipline management
- project management
_____ involves the coordination of repeated work of a similar nature by the same people.
functional/discipline management
Examples are management of a department of design engineering, surveying, estimating, or purchasing.
functional/discipline management
______ involves the coordination of one time work by a team of people who often have never previously worked together.
project management
Examples are management of the design and/or construction of a substation, shopping center, refinery unit, or water treatment plant.
project management
6 basic functions of management
- planning
- organizing
- staffing
- directing
- coordinating
- controlling
_____ is a systematic way of getting things done.
process
4 types of management as a process
- social process
- continuous process
- universal process
- composite and integrated process
The success of the organizational efforts depends on the cooperation of the people involved in it.
social process
Constantly identifying the problem and solving them by taking adequate steps.
continuous process
Each manager has to perform the same functions according to his rank and position in the organization.
universal process
Undertakes the job of bringing together to achieve organizational purpose.
composite and integrated process
_____ is the process of looking forward. It is basically deciding in the present about the future objectives.
planning
_____ helps in determining the course of action to be followed in achieving the organizational goals.
planning
_____ is associated with effective utilization of the resources like men, machines, materials and money for achieving the objectives of the organization.
organizing
_____ is constant and fundamental step in the management process. After determining the strategies, objectives, programs, policies and procedures, managers select a group of people by evaluating their knowledge and skills to work on that project.
staffing
_____ is a process in which managers guide, instruct and oversee the performance of the employees to achieve predetermined goals.
directing
_____ is the heart of the management process.
directing
_____ is providing guidance to the workers to perform to the best of their abilities and capacities.
directing
_____ ensures the unity of action among workgroups, individuals, and departments.
coordinating
To achieve the organizational goal, all department must operate in an integrated manner.
coordinating
5 sub-functions of coordination
- clear explanation of authority-responsibility relations
- unity of command
- unity of direction
- effective communication
- effective leadership
_____ is a primary objective-oriented function of management.
controlling
____ is basically the comparison between actual performance and the standards of the company to ensure that the taken action was correct.
controlling
Every manager should keep an eye on the activities of his subordinates.
controlling
____ is an art and science of planning, organizing, staffing, directing and controlling work activities to attain and achieve common goals and objectives.
engineering management
_____ principally deals with the efficient and effective use of the five resources namely manpower, money, machines, material and time as well as the proper, efficient and effective utilization of these with minimal cost.
engineering management
Much of the work of a _____ is organizing and working with people to identify problems and determine solutions to problem.
project manager
It is ____ who have the ability to create ideas, identify and solve problems, communicate, and get the work done.
people
____ are the most important resource of the project manager.
people
3 levels of management
1 top managers
2. middle managers
3. first-line managers
_____ directly set objectives, scan environment, plan and make decisions.
top managers
____ allocate resources, oversee first-line managers, report to top managers, and develop and implement activities.
middle managers
____ coordinate activities, supervise employees, report to middle managers, and involved in day-to-day operations.
first-line managers
Short-range operating plans controlling what will be done tomorrow or next week, assign tasks to their workers, supervise the work that is done, and evaluate the performance of individual workers.
first-line managers
Make plans of intermediate range to achieve the long-range goals set by top management, establish departmental policies, and evaluate the performance of subordinate work units and their managers.
middle managers
Provide and integrating and coordinating function so that the short-range decisions and activities of first-line supervisory groups can be orchestrated toward achievement of the long-range goals of the enterprise.
middle managers
Evaluate the performance of major departments, and they evaluate leading management personnel to gauge their readiness for promotion to key executive positions.
top managers
3 management levels
- strategic managers
- tactical managers
- operational maangers
_____ who are ultimately responsible for the entire organization. Typical titles include “CEO, President, Executive Vice President, Executive Director, Senior Vice President or Vice President”.
strategic managers
____ located beneath the top levels of the hierarchy who are directly responsible for the work of managers at lower levels. Titles include “Manager, Director of, Chief, Department Head, Division Head”.
tactical managers
_____ at the lowest level of the hierarchy who are directly responsible for the work of operating (non-managerial) employees. Often have titles that inlcude the word “Supervisor”
operational managers
3 managerial skills
- technical skill
- human or interpersonal skill
- conceptual skill
____ is the understanding of and proficiency in the performance of specific tasks.
technical skill
_____ the ability to work with and through other people and to work effectively as a group member.
human or interpersonal skill
____ is the cognitive ability to see the organization as a whole and the relationships among its parts. The ability see the “big picture” to recognize significant elements in a situation.
conceptual skill
Specific subject related skills such as engineering, accounting, etc…
technical skills
Skills related t o dealing with others and leading, motivating, or controlling them.
human or interpersonal skills
Ability t o discern t h e critical factors t h a t will determine a s organization’s success or failure.
Ability to see the forest in spite of the trees.
conceptual skills
3 must haves of an excellent manager
- good communicator
- committed, focused & flexible
- people-oriented
_____ are a must for a manager. The management of a project requires coordination of people and information.
good communication skills
The manager must have perspective with the ability to forecast methods of achieving results. The drive to achieve results must always be present.
committed, focused & flexible
It is the duty of a project manager to organize a project team of people and coordinate their efforts in a common direction to bring a project to successful completion.
people-oriented
____ an American Mechanical Engineer who sought to improve industrial efficiency. He is regarded as the Father of Scientific Management.
Frederick Winslow Taylor
____ is a French Mining Engineer, Director of Mines, and Management Theorist, who published “The Theory of Scientific Management” in the USA in 1911.
Henry Fayol
He was one of the most influential contributors to modern concepts of management.
Henry Fayol
Fayol’s 14 principles of management
- division of work
- authority and responsibility
- discipline
- unity pf command
- unity of direction
- subordination of individual interest to the general interest
- renumeration of personnel
- centralization
- scalar chain
- order
- equity
- stability of tenure
- initiative
- Esprit de Corps (Union in Strength)
____ divide work into specialized tasks and assign responsibilities to specific individuals.
division of work
____ The right to give orders or commands and the obligation to ensure tasks are completed.
authority and responsibility
____ Obedience and respect for rules are essential for any organization to function smoothly.
discipline
____ Each employee should be assigned only to one supervisor. (One man one superior)This is to avoid confusion.
unity of command
____ Employees’ efforts focused on achieving organizational objectives.
unity of direction
____ The interest of one should not prevail over the general or common good.
subordination of individual interest to the general interest
_____ Fair and equitable compensation motivates employees an improves job satisfaction.
renumeration of personnel
____ The degree to which decision-making power is concentrated at the top of the organization.
centralization
____ A clear chain of command should exist from top management to the lowest level.
scalar chain
_____ Proper placement of peopleand materials within the organization is crucial for efficiency.
order
____ Fair and impartial treatment of all employees is essential to maintain a positive work environment.
equity
____ Employees need to be given time to settle in to their jobs; regularization. High employee turnover can negatively impact organizational performance.
stability of personnel tenure
_____ Harmony is a great strength to an organization. Fostering team spirit and a sense of unity among employees improves morale and productivity.
Esprit de Corps (union in strength)
____ is an American Mechanical Engineer and Management Consultant who is most famous for developing the Gantt Chart in the 1910s.
Henry Laurence Gantt
____ is an early advocate of scientific management and a pioneer of motion study, but is perhaps best known as the father and central figure if Cheaper by the Dozen.
Frank Bunker Gilbreth, Sr.
____ bridges the gap between technical expertise and effective leadership.
engineering management
