1. key terms and concepts

Question 1

Cantilever

Answer 1

Beams only anchored at one end, allowing for overhanging structures without external bracing.

Question 2

Factor of Safety

Answer 2

Factor of safety guides engineers to design structures within safe limits.

Eg a wire might have a UTS of 1000kg

but with a factory of safety of 2 only

1000/2 =500kg will be used.

Question 3

Geotexile

Answer 3

natural and sythetic materials used to create a barrier between differing layers of earth work (can be eith pourous or impermable)

Question 4

Hooke’s law

Answer 4

Stress is directly proportional to strain within a materials proportional limit.

Question 5

Life cycle analysis

Answer 5

support decision making for designers , engineers when assessing the impact of a prodcut or process has on the environment

Question 6

Plasticity

Answer 6

the ability of a material to withstand permanent damage without failure

take a lot of strain but return to normal size

Question 7

Proof Stress

Answer 7

a value calculated to substitute for yield strength when no obvious yield point exists for a material.

Question 8

Stiffness

Answer 8

stiffness is a measure of rigidity. It may aslo be exhibited as a resistance to flexing

the steeper the slope the higher the stiffness

Question 9

Ultimate tensile strength

Answer 9

UTS is the maximum stress a materail can withstand before failing

Question 10

Vitrous

Answer 10

describes a material glass-like in structure

Question 11

Youngs Modules

Answer 11

Youngs module is the ratio of stress to strain within the elastic region of the stress-strain curve (prior to yield point)

Question 12

Toughness of a material

Answer 12

is found as the area under the curve