1 Intro to TherEx Flashcards
What’s a definition of Therapeutic Exercise?
A continuum health procedure designed to improve or restore an individual’s function, or to prevent dysfunction.
Why would one incorporate therapeutic exercise into their lifestyle?
- Remediating (remedying) or preventing impairments
- Enhancing function
- Reducing risk of injury/re-injury
- Optimizing overall health
- Enhancing fitness and well-being
What are the 6 interrelated components of physical function?
Define stretching:
The process of elongation of contractile and non-contractile tissues.
What are some effects and benefits of stretching?
- Increasing flexibility and ROM
- Allowing the body to move more efficiently
- Decreasing the chance of injury
- Invigorating the respiratory, circulatory and lymphatic systems
What’s Elastic Deformation?
Spring-like response, recoil; the stretched material recovers its pre-tensile dimensions after the applied load is removed.
What’s Plastic Deformation?
Putty-like response; the linear deformation produced by the tensile stress remains even after the applied load is removed, resulting in permanent deformation.
What’s Overstretch?
A stretch well beyond the normal range of motion of a joint and surrounding soft tissue, placing heavy loads on tendons and ligaments (tendons can rupture at 10% increase in length). This causes micro-tearing and inflammation and can lead to hypermobility and degenerative arthritis.
What’s Contracture, what are its effects, and what are some conditions that can cause it?
Adaptive shortening of a muscle or other soft tissue that crosses a joint, which results in limitation of ROM.
What’s Stretch Reflex and what’s its aka?
Protective reflex that prevents overstretching a muscle.
aka: Myotatic Reflex: M spindle (intrafusal) sensory neuron; 1A (primary afferent) fibre synapses with alpha motor neuron to extrafusal fibres (contractile)
What’s Active Inhibition?
Inhibition of a muscle by either its own activity or that of its antagonist.
What are some indications for stretching?
What are some contraindications for stretching?
What’s Resistance Exercise?
Any form of active exercise in which a dynamic or static muscular contraction is resisted by an outside force.
What’s the Recovery/Rest Interval?
The period of time between sets. This period varies based on the type of exercise being performed.
What are some goals of Resistance Exercise?
What’s “1 Repitition Maximum (1RPM)”?
1 rep that requires maximum strength
What are parameters for exercise for people of various fitness/activity levels?
What are indications for low-intensity vs high-intensity exercise?
What are some cardiovascular precautions?
What are some fatigue types, considerations, and precautions?
What are some recovery-related precautions that should be considered?
What are some overwork/overtraining precautions?
What are the FITT principles?
Frequency
Intensity
Time
Type
What precautions should be considered relating to Substitute Motions?
What precautions should be considered relating to Osteoporosis, and what are some risk factors (i.e. what patients might be at risk for OP development)?
What precautions should be considered relating to Acute Muscle Soreness?
What’s Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness, what aggravates/alleviates it, and what precautions should be considered relating to it?
What are contraindications to resistance exercise?
What’s active resisted (manual/mechanical) resistance exercise?
The application of an external load/resistance to the muscle’s active contraction. The therapist, the patient, an immovable or a movable object may apply the external resistance.
What’s isotonic exercise (Dynamic)?
A dynamic form of exercise that is carried out against a constant or variable load as a muscle lengthens or shortens through the available range of motion.
When is isometric exercise useful and what are some of its effects?
What are the three types of isometric exercises?
What is isokinetic exercise?
Form of active-resisted exercise in which the speed of movement of the limb is controlled by a preset rate-limiting device.
What is open kinematic chain exercise?
Movement that occurs with the distal segment of a limb moving freely in space.
e.g. bicep curl
What is a closed kinematic chain exercise?
Movement that occurs with the body moving over the fixed distal segment of a limb. e.g. Chin-ups
