1. Intro to Genetics Flashcards
What is genetics?
science that describes the inheritance of traits from one generation to another
What are diploid organisms?
two copies of the genome in each cell
What are haploid organisms?
one copy of the genome in each cell
What is a gene?
length of DNA encoding for a particular gene product
What is the locus?
specific location of a gene on a chromosome
What are autosomes and how many do humans have?
nonsex chromosome; 22
What are allosomes and how many do humans have?
sex chromosome, 2
What are homologous chromosomes?
two non identical copies of chromosomes
What is an allele?
different versions of a gene
What is a genotype?
DNA sequence of alleles that a person carries
What is a phenotype?
physical expression of the genotype
What is a heterozygote?
two different alleles at a given locus
What is a homozygote?
identical alleles at a given locus
What is a heterozygote?
two different alleles at a given locus
