1: Gynaecological Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

What did surgical management miscarriage use to be called

A

evacuation retained products of conception

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2
Q

When is surgical management safer than medical management for miscarriage

A

< 13weeks

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3
Q

What is preferred method of surgical management of miscarriage

A

vacuum aspiration

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4
Q

what is a hysteroscopy

A

camera to inspect inside the uterus

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5
Q

what is laparoscopy used for in gynaecology

A

visualise peritoneal endometriosis

surgery - eg. laparoscopy hysterectomy

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6
Q

when may hysterectomy be performed

A

Menorrhagia

Cancer

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7
Q

what is a total hysterectomy

A

Removal uterus and cervix

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8
Q

what is a sub-total hysterectomy

A

Removal cervix

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9
Q

in a sub-total hysterectomy what will women need to continue having

A

Smear tests

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10
Q

what is wetheim’s hysterectomy also known as

A

Radical hysterectomy

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11
Q

what is removed in wetheim’s hysterectomy

A
  • Uterus
  • Cervix
  • Vagina
  • Pelvic lymph nodes
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12
Q

when is wertheim’s hysterectomy used

A

Cancer

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13
Q

what % of women will continue to have cyclical bleeding after removal of uterus

A

10

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14
Q

if ovaries are kept in hysterectomy what often ensues

A

pre-mature menopause

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15
Q

What is colporrhapy used for

A

repair prolapse

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16
Q

How is colporrhaphy performed

A

prolapse is due to lack of support of bladder (cystocele) or rectum (rectocele). This is corrected by excising epithelium

17
Q

What is the problem with colporrhaphy

A

more tissue excised causes tighter vagina - therefore check if women is still sexually active

18
Q

What is risk of posterior colporrhaphy

A

haematoma

19
Q

what is needed for posterior colporrhaphy

A

vaginal pack - due to risk of haematoma

20
Q

what is colposuspension performed for

A

stress incontinence

21
Q

why is colposuspension rarely performed now

A

due to tension free vaginal tape used for strep incontinence as an alternative

22
Q

what is cooper’s ligament

A

illiopectineal ligament

23
Q

what are two absolute indications for lower-segment C-section

A

cephalopelvic disproportion

grade 3 or 4 placenta praaevia

24
Q

what are the two types of C-Section

A

lower-segment

classical

25
Q

what is classical c-section

A

longitudinal incision made in the upper-uterus

26
Q

why is classical c-section no longer used

A

increased risk of uterine rupture in future pregnancies

27
Q

what are serious risks of C-section to mother

A

VTE
Bladder, Ureter or bowel injury
Emergency hysterectomy
Death

28
Q

what are serious risks of C-section for future pregnancies

A

Uterine rupture
Placenta praevia
Increases risk still-birth