1: Dna And Synthesis Flashcards
What is a genetic code?
In the DNA helix, the components are bases. A triplet code enables there to be enough variation of bases to make up the 20 aminos acids there are naturally in the world.
What are genes?
Sequence of bases on the DNA molecule. It contains codes for a sequence to an amino acid in a polypeptide chain that can affect the phenotype of an organism
What is a codon?
Sequence of 3 bases in DNA or RNA
What are ribosomes?
The site of protein synthesis in the cell
What is translation?
Process by which proteins are produced via RNA using the genetic code found in the DNA. It takes place in the ribosomes
What are stop codons?
The triplet of bases to code for the protein to stop.
What is transcription ? ?
DNA info copied to the mRNA
What are nucleotides?
Molecules with 3 parts:
5 carbon penthouse sugar, nitrogen containing base, phosphate group.
What is ATP
A nucleotide which acts as an energy supply molecule in cells. It is made up of the base adenine, the penthouse sugar ribosome and 3 phosphate groups.
What is a purine base?
Found in nucleotides that have 2 nitrogen containing ring
what are pyramidine base?
Base found in nucleotides that has one nitrogen containing ring
What is ADP
Nucleotide formed when ATP loses a phosphate group and provides every to drive reactions in the cell.
what is ATPase?
The enzyme that catalyses the formation and breakdown of ATP, depending on the conditions
What are nuclei acids?
They are the polymers made up of many nucleotide monomer unites that carry the information needed to form new cells
what is a phospodiester bond?
Bond that i formed between the phosphate and the sugar on the next. Condensation reaction
