1 - Cells Flashcards
<p>Characteristics of living things</p>
<p>Metabolism, Response, Nutrition, Growth, Reproduction, Homeostasis</p>
<p>Cell theory states that</p>
<p>1) All living things are made of cells
2) Cells are the most basic units of life
3) All cells come from pre-existing cells</p>
<p>Exceptions to cell theory</p>
<p>-RBCs
- Bone and muscle cells
- Xylem and skin surface
- Phloem</p>
<p>Compound/Light microscope</p>
<p>x1500, resolution 200+nm, uses light, 2D image in colour, </p>
<p>TEM</p>
<p>Uses electrons, 2D image, x500000, 1 nm resolution, vacuum</p>
<p>SEM</p>
<p>Uses electrons, vacuum, x200000, 2-10 nm resolution, 3D image</p>
<p>Characteristics of prokartyotes</p>
<p>70S ribosomes, Capsule outside cell wall, loops in plasma membrane for anaerobic respiration, no nucleus, DNA in chromatin, Circular DNA as plasmid, no membrane bound organelles</p>
<p>Which organelles are not present in animal cells</p>
<p>Plasmodesmata, chloroplast, cell wall</p>
<p>Components of cell membrane</p>
<p>Phospholipid bilayer, proteins, cholesterol, carbohydrates</p>
<p>Cell membrane is also known as</p>
<p>Fluid mosaic model/plasma membrane</p>
<p>Examples of substance going in and out of the cell membrane</p>
<p>In: Nutrients (oxygen, glucose)
| Out: Nitrogenous wastes, carbon dioxide</p>
<p>Structure of phospholipids (draw if possible)</p>
<p>Phosphate group head, two fatty acid chain tails, all attached to a glycerol.</p>
<p></p>
Polarity of phospholipids?
Head is polar, therefore attracted to other polar molecules and hydrophilic. Tail is non-polar and thus hydrophobic
Functions of membranes in eukaryotes?
- Provide surface for reactions and organelles
- Allow compartmentalisation
- Increase surface area
- Hormone receptors
- Allows transmission/reception of messages
- Isolate harmful substances
2 types of proteins in plasma membrane?
Intrinsic and extrinsic
Width of cell membrane?
7-10 nm
