Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology > (1/22/15) Streptococci (Bailey) > Flashcards

(1/22/15) Streptococci (Bailey) Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

streptococcus sp. is a gram ____ cocci that is composed of chains and is non-_____ forming. it is a _____ ____ and catalase (test) ______

A
  • positive
  • spore
  • facultative anaerobe
  • negative
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the three ways to classify streptococcus?

A
  • hemolysis pattern
  • lancefield group
  • species (often not necessary)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

hemolysis pattern that has partial hemolysis and green discoloration of hemoglobin

A

alpha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

hemolysis pattern that shows a clear zone of COMPLETE hemolysis

A

beta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hemolysis pattern that has NO zone of clearing

A

gamma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what group of Beta hemolysis streptococci is responsible for causing the most human diseases

A

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

acute pharyngitis, pyoderma, streptococcal pneumonia, necrotizing fascitis, childbed fever, and foodborne outbreaks are all characteristics of which group of streptococcal diseases

A

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the S progenies in group A streptococci (GAS) are responsible for what two diseases?

A
  • streptococcal acute pharyngitis (strep throat)

- scarlet fever (strep throat + red skin rash)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

fever that was fairly common until the mid-20th century and is rarely seen in developed countries now. the US outbreaks in the 80’s and 90’s were due to the emergence of virulent strains

A

Acute Rheumatic Fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where is the only site of infection that is followed by Acute Rheumatic Fever (1-4 weeks past strep throat)

A

pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

in reference to acute rheumatic fever, infection must invoke _____ response

A

immune

-(could be considered an auto immune disease)(no more than 10% of ppl are susceptible)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

you can completely prevent acute rheumatic fever infection by treating strep throat with a full course of _____

A

penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

actue rheumatic fever has a high susceptibility to recurrence, thus ______ antibiotics into adulthood or for life

A

prophylactic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

active inflammation in the glomeruli of the kidney that turns urine smokey due to proteins, leukocytes and erythrocytes, and renal failure (dialysis)

A

acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are four ways that acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis is different that acute rheumatic fever?

A

unlike ARF

  • can follow pharyngitis or pyodermal infections
  • susceptibility common
  • recurrent attacks are rare
  • not reliably prevented by penicillin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what ages do not get strep throat?

A

1-2 year olds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

____ % of school aged children may carry Group A infections without symptoms

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what two ways does a person encounter group A infections?

A
  • live on the skin and mucous membranes

- person to person transmission (respiratory drops, hand to hand, food, skin wounds….)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Group A infections CANNOT penetrate ____ ____

A

intact skin (enter through bites, wounds, lesions, cuts, abrasions….)

20
Q

in group A infections, bacteria bind to epithelial cells using _____

A

adhesions

21
Q

what are the three types of adhesions that group A bacteria use?

A
  • lipoteichoic acid (LTA)
  • protein F
  • M protein
22
Q

type of group A infection adhesion that makes the streptococci sticky and then binds to fibronectin on epithelial cell surfaces

A

lipoteichoic acid (LTA)

23
Q

type of group A infection adhesion that is a high affinity fibronectin binding protein

A

protein F

24
Q

type of group A infection adhesion that is a keratinocyte (outer skin) adhesion

A

M protein

25
Q

what does the spread of a group A infection depend on?

A

how the infection was acquired

26
Q

if a group A infection was acquired on the skin or mucous membranes, it usually _____ ____

A

remains localized

27
Q

if a group A infection was acquired through deeper tissue infections then there is _____ ____

A

rapid spread

28
Q

_____ is an enzyme that binds to the inactive host plasminogen to create a catalytic complex that breaks down fibrin (blood clots)

A

streptokinase

29
Q

what are three things that aid group A bacteria in avoiding phagocytosis

A
  • M proteins (most important antiphagocytic factor)
  • hyaluronic acid capsule
  • C5a peptidase
30
Q

used by bacteria to avoid phagocytosis, is the most important antiphagocytic factor and is required for virulence

A

M proteins

31
Q

used by bacteria to avoid phagocytosis, is a mucoid capsule and makes the strep slippery, interfering with phagocyte attachment

A

hyaluronic acid capsule

32
Q

used by bacteria to avoid phagocytosis, it inactivates phagocyte chemotaxin

A

C5a Peptidase

33
Q

forms a dense coating on bacteria’s surface and blocks complement from binding to the cells. it then binds the host complement control proteins

A

M proteins

34
Q

super antigens that activate macrophages and cause T cells to release cytokines (three types: SpeA, SpeB, SpeC)

A

streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins (SPE’s)

35
Q

the super antigens of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins (SPE’s) are responsible for what two things?

A
  • red rash of scarlet fever

- streptococcal toxic shock syndrome

36
Q

Group that is actually more common but less notorious than group A streptococci

A

B

37
Q

Group B strep inhabit _____ ____ and female _____ ____ and are the leading cause of _____ _______ and _______

A
  • lower GI
  • genital tracts
  • neonatal sepsis
  • menigitis
38
Q

group B bacteria use what type of capsule?

A

polysaccharide

39
Q

what are three similarities between group A strep and the other group strep?

A
  • M proteins
  • bind fibrinogen
  • secrete similar extracellular enzymes
40
Q

Group of strep that is normal flora of GI and genitourinary tracts. has a low virulence and usually accompanies other bacterial infections

A

D

41
Q

“world’s toughest pathogenic bacteria” that grows in high salt concentrations and in bile. is resistant to most antibiotics including penicillin

A

enterococci

42
Q

_____ _____ is required for effective killing of enterococci

A

antibiotic synergism (usually between penicillin and aminoglycoside)

43
Q

makes up 30-60% of the oropharyngeal flora, has a low virulence, but is the most common cause of subacute bacterial endocartidis (affects abnormal heart valves) AND IS RESPONSIBLE FOR DENTAL CARIES (mutan group)

A

viridians Streptococci

44
Q

viridians streptococci produce ____ for adherence

A

dextrans

45
Q

the surface proteins of viridans streptococci “mutans group” bind salivary _____ on teeth

A

glycoproteins

46
Q

amounts to ~50% or more of bacteria in plaque

A

viridians streptococci “mutans group”

47
Q

the viridian’s streptococci “mutans group” ferments sugar to ____ ____ which demineralizes the enamel

A

lactic acid

Microbiology (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions