๐ฎ๐ธ๐พโฏ๐๐ธโฏโฉ 1 Flashcards
Sign for lithium
Li
Sign for oxygen
O
Name the 5 things in a animal cell
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Explain what a cell membrane does
Its job is to control things that come on and out
Explain what mitochondria is
Where energy is released
Explain what the nucleus does
The nucleus contains DNA it is also the brain of the cell, it tells the cell what to do
Explain what cytoplasm is
Where the chemical reactions take place
Explain what ribosomes are
Ribosomes help to make protein
What are the 2 cells
Animal cells
Plant cells
What is temperature the measurement of?
Temperature is the measure of the hotness & coldness of a body.
What do you measure temperature in?
K- kelvin
How is density defined?
Density is defined as mass per unit volume
If it something floats is it less dense or more dense?
If an item floats it is the least dense. If it sinks it is the most dense
Name the 7 nutrients
Protein
Fat
Vitamins
Minerals
Fibre
Water
Carbohydrates
What does our body use protein for?
Growth maintenance/repair
What does fat do for our body?
Helps absorb vitamins/storing energy
What do vitamins and minerals do for our body?
Helps keep your body healthy
What does fibre do for our body?
Regulates bacteria in the gut
What does water do for our body?
Stops dehydration, dissolves nutrients
What do carbohydrates do for our body?
Energy
What is malnutrition?
Too much or too little of a nutrient in our diet
What are microorganisms
Microorganisms are tiny living things that usually can only be seen using a microscope
What do microorganisms include
Viruses
Bacteria
Microscopic fungi
What are mumps symptoms
Fever
Headache
Tiredness
Swollen tender/salivary glands
Swollen cheeks or jaw
What are pathogens
Pathogens are microorganisms that cause disease
Name 2 facts about viruses
Viruses cant exist without a host
Viruses cant be affected by antibiotics
What is this?
Explosive
What is this?
Oxidising
What is this?
Extremely/highly flammable
What is this?
Corrosive
What is this?
Dangerous for the enviroment
What is this?
Harmful/irritant
What is this?
Toxic/very toxic
What does a toxic substance mean?
Substances which can cause death if they are swallowed, breathed in or absorbed through the skin eg: weedkiller
What does a harmful or irritant substance mean?
Substances which should not be eaten, breathed in or handled without gloves. Though not as dangerous as toxic substances they might cause some rash, sickness or an allergic reaction
What does an oxidising substance mean?
Substances which provide oxygen, allowing other materials to burn more intensely eg: hair bleach
What does highly flammable substance mean?
Substances which which easily catch fire eg: petrol
What does corrosive substance mean?
Substances which attack and destroy living tissue, including skin and eyes. Example: oven cleaner
What does warning sign mean?
This sign is used to draw attention to a warning of danger, hazards and the unexpected
What eye equipment needs to be worn?
Wear safety glasses to protect your eyes.
Name the 7 parts of the microscope
Eyepiece
Objective lens
Clips
Stage
Light source
Coarse focus wheel
Fine focus wheel
Name 6 things in the plant cell
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Nucleus
What does a chloroplast do
Photosynthesis happens here
What does the cell wall do?
Provides protection and support to the cell
What is the vacuole?
Storage container of the cell
Explain all 7 steps of how to prepare a plant cell slide
- Remove the outer leaves of an onion
- Use your fingers to pull a strip of thin transparent epidermis from the inner leaf.
- Place a small piece of the epidermal strip in a microscope slide
- Add a few drops of iodine solution
- Add a cover slip, lower it at an angle
- Blot off any surplus iodine, if necessary
- The cell can be viewed unstained by using a few drops of water instead of iodine solution
What is the SI unit for length?
Metres (m)
What is the SI unit for mass
Kilogram (k)
What is the SI unit for time
Seconds (s)
What is the SI unit for current
Amps
How to measure weight
Mass x gravity
How to calculate area
Length x width
How do you write area?
Cm2
What is volume measured in?
Ml (millilitres)
Cm3 (centimetre cubed)
Name the 6 methods for calculating volume
Pour some water into a measuring cylinder until it is half full
Carefully read the level of water
Tie the thread around the stone and gently lower it into the water until it sits at the bottom of the cylinder
Carefully read the new level of water
Subtract the first level from the second level to find the volume of the stone
Repeat using 2 different stones
Area is calculatedโฆ
Length x width x height
What is mass measured in
Grams (g)
Name the three states of matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
How is density defined
Density is defined as mass per unit volume
What is density the measure of
How tightly packed or heavy the molecules are in an object
Measurement of density?
G/cm3
Write the 3 main procedures for calculating the density of an irregular shaped object
The mass of the stone is found by placing it on a balance
The volume of the stone is found by gently lowering it completely into a fled overflow can and noting the volume of water that flows out using a graduate cylinder
Explain what a compound is
A compound is a substance that is made up from the atoms of two or more different elements chemically joined together
what is respiration?
respiration is when red blood cells carry oxygen to all the cells in our body, where it is used to release energy from food.
what happens during respiration (not the red blood cells)
During respiration Carbon dioxide and water vapour are produced in each body cell. They enter the bloodstream and are carried in the plasma to the lungs.
Artery is close to the surface in the neck and wrist
True
Cardiac muscle doesnโt ___________ easily
Cardia muscle doesnโt tire easily
Which of the following veins contain very little carbon dioxide?
Pulmonary
Vena Cava
Renal
Hepatic portal
The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart therefore contains little or no carbon dioxide
A vessel in which enzymes are used to make a product is called a ____________
Bioreactor
All enzymes are composed of proteins
True, all enzymes are made from proteins
What is refrigeration?
The process if removing heat from and enclosed space or from a substance for the process of lowering the temperature
What is freezing?
Is a phase transition where a liquid turns in a solid when its temperature is lowered blow its freezing point
What is pickling?
The process of preserving or extending the shelf life of food by either anaerobic fermentation in brine or immersion in vinegar
What is salting and syrup?
And old-fashioned curing or fermenting process for preserving fruit, vegetables and meat
What is drying
Removes enough moisture from the food so bacteria yeast and molds cannot grow
What is Pasteurisation
A process in which packaged and non packaged foods are treated with mild heat, usually to less than 100โ, to eliminate pathogens and extend shelf life
What does mumps risk?
The outbreak of mumps affects higher education institutions because student and staff who become infected are at risk of spreading the illness to others
Does oxygenated go in the right or left side?
Oxygenated blood goes through the right side.
Does deoxygenated blood go through the left side?
Yes
Name the 4 veins from the heart in order
Vena cava
Pulmonary artery
Aorta
Pulmonary vein
What does the mouth do?
Eating and breaking down food
What do the salivary glands do?
The salivary glands produce saliva and enzymes
What does the liver do
Break down toxins
What does the pancreas do
Produces insulin
What does the anus do
Releases waste
What does the gall bladder do
Produces bile
What does the large intestine do
Absorbs water and salt
What does the small intestine do
Helps digest food from stomach
What does the rectum do
Stores waste
What does the stomach do
Store food
What do veins do and look like
Veins carry blood toward your heart. They have a thin cell wall and thick lumen
What do arteries do and look like
Arteries carry blood away from the heart. They have thick cell walls and small lumens
