𝐆𝐞𝐨𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐡𝐲 𝟐 Flashcards

Question

Headland definition

Answer 1

Land made of hard rock that is more resistant to erosion, which extends out into the sea

Answer 2

a gap in the headland where a blowhole and a cave once existed

Answer 3

a gap that forms when a cave erodes fully through a headland

Answer 4

a high, steep feature made of rock and soil that has been eroded back by the sea

Answer 5

Forms when the roof of a cave is eroded vertically

Answer 6

a sloping floor of rock extending from the shoreline out to sea

Answer 7

a piece of rock that stands alone in coastal water

Answer 8

a sea stack that has been worn down by the forces of erosion

Answer 9

Deposition refers to when the sea drops or deposits it’s load of eroded material along the coast by the swash of waves this happens most notably in sheltered bays and inlets where the backwash is not strong enough to drag material back out to sea

Answer 10

The forces of marine erosion, transport and deposition can cause problems for people living in coastal areas people have learned to protect the coast from erosion and manage transport and deposition in the following ways: rock armour sea walls gabions groynes

Answer 11

Rock armour refers to large rocks and boulders that are placed along the coastline to protect against erosion This armour if often places at the back of a beach the type of rock used for rock armour is a hard and heavy rock that is resistant to erosion, for example granite when waves crash against rock armour, they lose energy due to friction

Answer 12

sea walls are large concrete defence structures built at the back of beaches that experience high level of sea erosion sea walls are usually built at an angle and may have a curved top to help turn waves back in to see Sea walls are put in place to prevent erosion by absorbing the strength of crashing waves against the coast they can also prevent flooding

Answer 13

Gabions are welded wire or mesh cages filled with rocks resistant to erosion gabions are often stacked on top of one another at the back of the beach Gabions break the power of a crashing waves and lower the speed of erosion many people prefer gabions and rock armour to the construction of a sea wall because they fit in better with the local environment

Answer 14

Groynes are wooden or concrete barriers that run along the beach from backshore to forshore these barriers are place at 90° to the sea, and their purpose is to disrupt longshore drift and prevent the transportation of material along the beach. This prevents a buildup of sand at one end of the beach.

Answer 15

A headland is an area of hard rock jutting out into the sea

Answer 16

The coastline is made up of hard rock and soft rock as waves crashed against the coastline, soft rock such is lime stone is eroded more quickly on the other hand hard rock, such as basalt is eroded more slowly.

Answer 17

Improved nutrition- access to better nutrition and a more diverse diet has improved overall health and contributed to increased life expectancy Falling death rates- advances in e medical science and healthcare infrastructure have resulted in lower death rates. Urbanisation- as more people moved to urban areas of larger families.

Answer 18

stage 1- high fluctuating stage stage 2- early expanding stage stage 3- late expanding stage stage 4- low fluctuating stage stage 5- senile stage

Answer 19

High birth rate, high death rate in this stage, both birth rate and death rate are very high people in this country is usually have large families because many children might of survived adulthood due to diseases, lack of healthcare and other reasons. This stage is often seen in very poor or pre-industrial societies.

Answer 20

High birth rate- falling death rate in the stage, the birth rate remains high, but the death rate starts to decline. advances in healthcare, better food and clean water. Lead to more people surviving to adulthood. As a result the population starts to grow rapidly because my babies are being born and few people are dying

Answer 21

Falling birth rate, falling death rate in the stage, the birth rate begins to decline as people start having fewer children This decrease in birthrate can be because families want fewer children due to changing social norms, more access to family planning and a desire for better education and living standards for the children, the death rate continues to remain low or decreases slightly. The population still grows, but not as fast as in the stage two

Answer 22

Low birth rate low death rate in the stage, both birth rate and death rate are low Families tend to have fewer children often just one or two and they usually plan went to have them. Often associated with more development and prosperous society is population growth is slow and the population tends to stabilise or even decline in some cases

Answer 23

Ultra-low birth rate, low death rate some countries may enter a fifth stage where the birth rate becomes extremely low, and the population starts to decline over time. this can happen when there are very few young people compared to the elderly leading to challenges in supporting an aging population

Answer 24

High birth rate Natural increase Low life expectancy developing countries eg. tanzania

Answer 25

low birth rate no natural change high life expectancy developed countries eg.ireland

Answer 26

very low birth rate natural decrease high life expectancy developed countries eg.japan

Answer 27

Macau Singapore Maldives Malta

Answer 28

australia libya canada iceland

Answer 29

tertiary economic activity involves providing services and facilities to people. The tertiary sector is also known as the service sector

Answer 30

Schools and colleges Hospitals Airports Hotels Resteraunts

Answer 31

Tourism is a very important tertiary economic activity because it contributes valuable income to the economy. Tourist service and facilities tend to be located in particular regions which offer various attractions

Answer 32

Areas of natural beauty Beaches and coastlines Regions offering recreational and sporting facilities Cities

Answer 33

If you have more money, you will be more likely to travel. Because you have the means to do so

Answer 34

If you have more leisure time (working less), you have more time to travel

Answer 35

It is much cheaper now to travel in the air than it was years ago, therefore there are more people travelling on planes to get to destinations.

Answer 36

Companies have specialised in creating budget package holidays making the trip more affordable

Answer 37

tourism creates job opportunities therefore it is good for the economy. The government want the economy to do well so they invest money into tourism to encourage more people to come to their country

Answer 38

More & more people are aware of tourist destinations and attractions in other countries thanks to instagram, pinterest, google etc. This has prompted travel

Answer 39

Thanks to EU membership, people from the EU do not need visas, to travel to other EU countries. Making it a lot easier to travel

Answer 40

Is a government agency that promotes ireland as a must-see tourist destination irelands most attractive features include: Beach’s & coastlines Areas of natural beauty sporting and recreational facilities

Answer 41

Altitude Aspect drainage slope shelter

Answer 42

Nodal points Bridging points coastal relief defence

𝐆𝐞𝐨𝐠𝐫𝐚𝐩𝐡𝐲 𝟐 Flashcards

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