1,000ft View Women's Health, Puberty and Menopause Flashcards
what is the vulva made up of
labia minora
labia majora
mons
clotoris
urethra
vestibular bulbs
bartholin glans
vaginal opening
what is the Mons
fatty mound anterior to the pubic bone
cushion during intercourse
secretes phermones
what does the labia protect
urethra and vaginal openings
what are the bartholin glands
under labia minora
secrete mucus (lubricant) into the vagina introitus
what innervates the bartholin glands
parasympathetic nervous system
what occurs during stimulation to the clitoris
dilation of arteries as results of release of acetylcholine and nitric oxide, tissue becomes erect
where does the vagina receive blood from
uterine arteries
what is the innervation of the vagina
sympathetic innervation deep perineal nerve off the pudendal nerve
afferent fibers to sensory ganglia at S2-S4
what is the fundus
upper part of the body of the uterus above the uterine ostia
what does the uterine isthmus lead into
the cevix
what is the typical presentation of the uterus
anteverted position laying over the ladder
what are the layers of the uterine wall
perimetrium
myometrium
endometrium
what is the perimetrium
outer aspect supported by layer of connective tissue
what is the myometrium
the smooth muscular layer, bulk of the uterus, where most of the nerve and blood vessels are located
what is the endometrium
layer involved in monthly menses
what does the round ligament support
uterus posterior-inferior
what is the broad ligament
2 layers that sandwhich the structures
-mesosalpinx
- mesovarium
-mesometrium
what attaches the uterus and ovary
ovarian ligament
what does the mesosalpinxsupport
the fallopian tube
what does the mesovarium support
the ovary
what does the mesometrium support
the uterus
what is the infundibulum
area within the peritoneal cavity that contain fimbriae to accept the ovary
what is the Ampulla
largest aspect - area of fertilization within the fallopian tubes
what is the isthmus
area where the wall of the fallopian wall is the thickest
what do the ovaries contain
oocytes
what is day 1 of your period
start of your cycle
What is Meiosis
makes district gametes (diploid -> haploid)
four haloid daughter cells
what is Mitosis
clones body cells (Diploid - > diploid)
one two daughter cells
what is the ovum
mature egg (through oogenesis)
what is follicle
sac containing unfertilized oocyte
what is primordial follicle
primary oocyte with one layer of surrounding granulosa cells, stuck in phrophase 1
what is primary follicle
advancing primordial stimulated by FSH with beefier granulosa cells
what is secondary follicle
more granulosa cells that secrete follicular fluid
where do the primordial ovum gather
in the ovarian stroma and will be surrounded by granulosa cells to become primordial follicle (primary oocyte)
what provides the ovum with nutrients for development
granulosa cells
what does the granulosa cell release
oocyte maturation inhibiting factor until ready to be acted upon by FSH and LH (puberty)
how many ovum will reach primary follicle stage each month
6-12
What is Theca
another layer of proliferating cells that will produce estrogen and progesterone as follicular fluid
what occurs when granulosa cells proliferate
secondary follicle
What is Atresia
the king primary follicle (largest) will be dominant and stop the progression of other follicles
What is the Graafian follicle
sudden positive feedback mechanisms cause spike is LH butt not as much FSH
cause increase in proteases to cells around developed secondary oocyte - released with single layer of granulosa cell encasing it
when does ovulation occur
14 days into cycle
where does the sperm meet the egg
in the ampulla
what occurs during the luteal phase
corpus luteum forms then degernates
what is the corpus luteum
cells that remain after explusion of the ovum
what stimulates the corpus luteum to produce progesterone* and estrogen
LH
how long does the degredation of of the corpus luteum occur for
over 12 days - absorbed over several months
what occurs with progesterone levels as the corpus luteum involutes
decreased production
What occurs during the proliferative phase
menstration completed
estrogen increases, casues proliferation of stromal cells and epithelial cells
blood supply increases to endometrium - becomes 3-5mm thick
What occurs during the secretory phase
estrogen and progesterone are being secreted by corpus luteum, primarily progesterone driven
glands increase - increased secretion
increased blood supply to endometrium - one week after ovulation, endometrial lining 5-6mm thick
What does estrogen promote
development of follicle, secondary sexual characteristics
what does progestins do
prep uterus for housing fetus, lactation
what is estrogens effect on the kidneys
retention of sodium and water
where is progesterone broken down
liver and release as bile or urine
