(09) Digestive System IV Flashcards
(Intestinal Epithelial Cells)
(the intestinal epithelium consists of a number of anatomically and physiologically different types of columnar cells)
- There are 8 types - name them
- undifferentiated crypt cells (stem cells)
- goblet cells
- enteroendocrine cells
- paneth cells
- globular leukocytes
- M (microfold) cells
- intraepithelial lymphocytes
- intestinal absorptive cells (or enterocytes)
(Intestinal Epithelial Cells)
(Undifferentiated Crypt Cells (Stem cells))
- Located in what portion of gland?
- Divide to give rise to what?
- How often is intestinal epithelium replaced?
- What can occur if division is stopped (due to infection or poision for example)?
- basal portion
- other epithelial cells
- every few days
4 entire epithelium may be sloughed
(Intestinal Epithelial Cells)
(Goblet Cells)
- secrete what?
- Increase in numbers where in intestine?
- Type of mucin produced varies with what?
- protective mucin
- caudally
- location
(Intestinal Epithelial Cells)
(Enteroendocrine Cells)
- several types scattered throughout what?
- Important in hormonal regulation of what?
- surface and glandular epithelium
- GI functions
(Intestinal Epithelial Cells)
(Paneth Cells)
- Found only where in the gland?
- Have apical membrane bound granules which contain what?
- Probably control what?
- the base (in horse, ruminants, man)
- lysozyme and peptidase
- microflora of the crypts
(Intestinal Epithelial Cells)
(Globular Leukocytes)
- Have large eosinophilic globules (granules)
- what is nucleus like?
- are intraepithelial as well as in lamina propria
- small/heterochromatic
(Intestinal Epithelial Cells)
(M (microfold) cells)
- Are special epithelial cells located where?
- Apical surfaces have what?
- They are derived from the same stem cells as what?
- over lymphatic areas or nodules
- blunt microvilli or ridges
- other epithelial cells
(Intestinal Epithelial Cells)
(Intestinal lymphocytes)
- common or uncommon throughout intestine?
- common
(Intestinal Epithelial Cells)
(Intestinal absorptive cells or enterocytes)
- Numerous on surface of what in small intestine? what surface in large intestine? and in what in small and large intestine?
- Absorptive Cells are columnar with what that contain filaments? What do these accomplish?
- What join to seal lumen of gut?
- Cells have a basal nucleus and RER, abundant apical SER and golgi, and many mitochondria
- The glycocalyx that covers the microvilli serves as an anchorage site for what?
- villi; laminal surface; glands
- apical microvilli; increase surface area of cell membrane (cause striated border seen in light microscope)
- apical tight junctions
- digestive enzymes secreted by the enterocyte and for pancreatic enzymes
(The intestinal Enterocyte has many diverse functions)
- Active uptake of what? resulting from what? Are these passive or active transport processes? therefore a what?
- small molecules (sugars, amino acids), digestive action of enzymes (anchored in glycocalyx); facilitated and active; transport epithelium
(The intestinal Enterocyte has many diverse functions)
- Resynthesis of what from what which have diffused into cell? Formation of what droplets?
- Chylomicrons required membrane investment in the what? Released by exocytosis where? Triglyceride resynthesis occurs where and where?
- triglycerides from fatty acids; glycoprotein droplets (chylomicrons)
- golgi; basolateral plasma membrane; SER and golgi
(The intestinal Enterocyte has many diverse functions)
- Endocytosis in neonate takes what into absorptive cells of ilem and jejunum?
- Released where by exocytosis?
- IgG
- basal membrane of enterocyte
(The intestinal Enterocyte has many diverse functions)
- What are passed into the lumen to fight foreign invaders?
- protease resistant IgAs
(Secretions of Enterocytes)
- Enzymes secreted to glycocalyx for final steps in digestion of what?
- Active movement of what at basal membrane?
- What are released at lateral membranes by exocytosis?
- proteins and carbohydrates
- ions
- chylomicrons
hoping this works again
