(08) Digestive System III

Question 1

Name the Eight Cell types in gastric glands

Madison Garden Pec Gum

Answer 1

1. Mucous (neck) cells
2. Gastric Surface mucous cells
3. parietal cells
4. enteroendocrine
5. chief, zymogen or peptic cells
6. goblet cells
7. undifferentiated (cuboidal) cells
8. mucous cells of glands

Question 2

(Simple Stomach Continued)

(Cell Types in Gastric Glands)

(Mucous neck Cells)

1. predominant cell type in what glands?
2. Low columnar or cuboidal cells often with what shaped nucleues?
3. In fundic gland, found only where?
4. Is cytoplasm more or less basophilic than surface epithelial cells?

Answer 2

1. pyloric and cardiac
2. flattened or crescent-shaped nucleus
3. in neck of the gland = mucous neck cells
4. more basophilic

Question 3

(Simple Stomach Continued)

(Cell Types in Gastric Glands)

(Gastric surface mucous cells)

1. columnar cells in a “sheet” which covers the luminal surface of …. cuts off here….
2. are the basal nuclei flattened?
3. Secrete what?
4. secretes what, which neutralizes H+ before it can diffuse through … cuts off here….

Answer 3

1. -
2. no
3. mucins
4. HCO3-

Question 4

(Simple Stomach Continued)

(Cell Types in Gastric Glands)

(Parietal Cells)

1. Primarily found in what type of glands?
2. size? shape? acidophilic or basophilic?
3. Tend to bulge to where?
4. Many or few mitochondria?
5. Have what with microvilli to increase membrane surface area for secretion?

Answer 4

1. fundic glands
2. large, pyramidal, acidophilic
3. periphery of gland
4. many
5. intracellular canaliculus

Question 5

(Simple Stomach Continued)

(Cell Types in Gastric Glands)

(Parietal Cells Continued)

1. inactive cells internalize membranes of the microvilli to form what?
2. Produce stomach acidity by pumping what and what into the lumen?
3. secrete what?

Answer 5

1. tubulovesicular membranes
2. H and Cl (forms HCl)
3. intrinsic factor

Question 6

(Simple Stomach Continued)

(Cell Types in Gastric Glands)

(Chief, Zymogen or peptic cells)

1. Are found where (where they are the most numerous cell type)?
2. Columnar with pale basophilic staining basal cytoplasm
3. Cell apices are filled with zymogen granules containing what two things?
4. EM structure is that of a typical what?
5. Secrete what in young animals?
6. Fixation may leach out the zymogen and leave the cells appearing empty or foamy.

Answer 6

1. fundic glands
2. pepsinogen (and also gastric lipase)
3. protein secreting cell
4. rennin (curdles milk)

Question 7

(Simple Stomach Continued)

(Cell Types in Gastric Glands)

(Enterendocrine cells)

1. part of what system?
2. Occur sparsley throughout what?
3. Occur singly, adjacent to what?
4. Does the apex of cell reach the gland lumen?

Answer 7

1. APUD (Amine Precursor uptake and decarboxylation)
2. stomach and intestine
3. basal lamina
4. it may not

Question 8

(Simple Stomach Continued)

(Cell Types in Gastric Glands)

(Enterendocrine cells cont)

1. APUD cells secrete mostly into what? Where hormones diffuse to what or what?
2. Cells are located singly throughout what?
3. How many types of enteroendocrine cells have been identified?
4. Secretions are important for coordination and control of what?
5. Single cells are located in the surface or glandular epithelium adjacent to what and may not reach what?
6. Contain basal, membrane bound granules
7. a cell may secrete more than one type of hormone

Answer 8

1. the interstitium; blood vessels or nearby target cells (part of the gastroenteropancreatic system of endocrine cells)
2. gastric and intestinal epithelium
3. more than 30
4. GI function (secretion and motility)
5. basal lamina; gut lumen

Question 9

(Simple Stomach Continued)

(Examples of Enteroendocrine cells)

1. These secrete serotonin and are found throughout the GI tract
2. These secrete enteroglucagon
3. these secrete insulin
4. thse secrete somatostatin (pancreas)

(Cell Types in Gastric Glands)

Answer 9

1. Argentaffin cells
2. pancreatic alpha cells
3. beta cells
4. D-cells

Question 10

(Simple Stomach Continued)

(Cell Types in Gastric Glands)

(Undifferentiated (cuboidal) cells in neck region)

1. Give rise to what?
2. Mucous cells differ in what?
3. ? = glycoproteins, the cheif constituent of mucus
4. ? = the free “slime” of mucous membranes including secretions of the mucous glands

Answer 10

1. all cells of the gastric gland
2. type of mucin produced
3. mucin
4. mucus

Question 11

(Simple Stomach Continued)

(Cell Types in Gastric Glands)

(Mucous cells of glands)

1. what shape?
2. What shape basal nuclei?
3. predominant cell type in what glands?
4. in fundic gland region - what are they?

Answer 11

1. low columnar
2. flattened or cresent-shaped
3. cardiac and pyloric
4. mucous neck cells

Question 12

(Simple Stomach Continued)

(Cell Types in Gastric Glands)

(Goblet cells)

1. occur singly or in small clusters throughout what?
2. narrow base, flared apex
3. what shape basal nuclei?
4. also in what and what?

Answer 12

1. intestine
2. flattened
3. respiratory system and some large ducts

Question 13

and then read the rest - sorrs