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004 - Parasitology > 06 - Coccidia > Flashcards

06 - Coccidia Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

(Apicomplexa)

  1. parasitic?
  2. Do they have locomotory organelles?
  3. apical complex - observed in what?
A
  1. yes - they all are
  2. no (except for flagellated microgametes - similar in function as sperm)
  3. “zoites”
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3
Q

(Stages)

(-zoite)

  1. shaped like what?
  2. occurs in what forms?
  3. typically what?

(-ont)

  1. many forms… what two?
  2. motile?

(gametocytes)

  1. structures with products (-gametes) of what?
A
  1. banana
  2. merozoite, sporozoite, tachyzoite, badyzoite
  3. motile, active form
  4. meront, schizont
  5. usually non
  6. gamete formation (gametogony)
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4
Q

(Family: Eimeriidae - coccidia)

  1. they are monoxenous… what does this mean?
  2. What are the two major genera?
  3. Life cycle has three stages… what are they?
A
  1. have one host
  2. Eimeria and Isospora
  3. schizogony (merogony)

gametogony

sporogony

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5
Q

(Family: Eimeriidae - coccidia)

  1. What kind of reprduction within the host?

(mutliple fission - schizogony or merogony)

  1. repeated nuclear division before what?
  2. dividing cell called a what?
  3. subunits are called what?

(Gametogany and Syngamy)

  1. formation and fusion of male and female gameters to form a what?
A
  1. asexual and sexual reproduction
  2. cytokinesis
  3. schizont (or meront)
  4. merozoites
  5. zygote (–> oocyst)
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6
Q

(Family: Eimeriidae - coccidia)

(Sporogony - Oocyst)

  1. product of what?
  2. transmissible?
  3. sporulates (sporogony) outside host to do what?

(eimeria)

  1. what is this?

(Isospora)

  1. what is this?
A
  1. sexual reproduction (gametogony)
  2. transmissible form between hosts
  3. to become infective
  4. 4 sporocysts each with 2 sporozoites
  5. 2 sporocysts each with 4 sporozoites
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7
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A
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8
Q

(Family: Eimeriidae - coccidia)

(Eimeria)

  1. tend to be very host specific
  2. for what?

(Isospora (Cystoisospora))

  1. host specificity?
  2. for what?
A
  1. herbivores
  2. less
  3. carnivores (exception = swine)
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9
Q

(Coccidia Life Cycle)

  1. ingestion of what?
  2. what are released?
  3. enter what?
A
  1. an infective (sporulated) oocyst
  2. sporozoites
  3. and epithelial cell
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10
Q

(Coccidia - typical life cycle - cont)

  1. BEcomes a what?
  2. what generation?
  3. what develops?
    (then. ..)
  4. schizont bursts and what are released?
  5. what happens to first generation merozoites?
A
  1. schizont (schizogeny)
  2. first
  3. merozoites
  4. merozoites
  5. enter another eipithelial cell
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11
Q

(Coccidia - typical life cycle - cont)

  1. usually how many generations of schizon’ts/merozoites?
A
  1. 2-3
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12
Q
A
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13
Q

(Coccidia - Typical Life Cycle)

  1. The 2nd or 3rd generation merozoite enters what?
  2. Develops into what?
  3. what forms… that develops into an oocyst?
A
  1. another epithelial cell
  2. a micro- or macrogametocyte (male and female gamonts)

Gametogony

microgametes (escape from microgametocyte, fertilize the macrogametocyte)

  1. a zygote
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14
Q
A
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15
Q

(Coccidia - Typical Life Cycle)

  1. Oocyst ruptures cells and does what?
  2. oocyst undergoes what outside the host?

(sporulation)

  1. 4 - 2’s = ?
  2. 2 - 4’s = ?
  3. After sporulation the oocyst is infective?
A
  1. passes out in feces
  2. sporogony
  3. Eimeria
  4. Isospora
  5. infective
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18
Q

(Coccidia)

  1. What is coccidiasis?
  2. coccidiosis?
A
  1. presence of coccidian parasites
  2. presence of coccidian parasites and the resulting clinical signs
19
Q
A

(Epidemiology)

(Dispersion)

humans, wind, birds etc.

21
Q

(Coccidia of Domestic Poultry)

  1. All belong to what genus?
22
Q

(life Cycle of Eimeria Tenella)

  1. oocyst passed in feces
  2. With adequate moisture and temperature: get what?
  3. Oocyst may remain inactive for how long?
  4. Infection is by what?
A
  1. oocyst sporogony –> 24-48 hours
  2. 2-3 months
  3. ingestion of oocyst
23
Q

(Life Cycle of Eimeria Tenella cont)

  1. After ingestion, sporozoites are released and do what?
  2. become what?
  3. F1 merozoites invade another cell and form what?
A
  1. penetrate cecal epithelial cells
  2. schizonts (schizogony –> 900 merozoites in 3 days)
  3. F2 schizonts (–> 200-350 merzoites by 5 days)
24
Q

(Life Cycle of Eimeria Tenella)

  1. Many F2 merozoites enter a new host cell and begin what?
  2. most become what?
  3. Some bcome what?
A
  1. the sexual phase (gametogony)

(others may go thorugh another schizogony)

  1. macrogametocytes
  2. microgametocytes (which develop numerous microgametes)
25
Q

(Lfe Cycle of Eimeria Tenella cont)

(microgametes)

  1. flagellated… do what?

(Zygote)

  1. does what?
  2. Oocysts enter cecal lumen and do what?

(prepatent period (PPP) ~7d)

  1. interval between what?
A
  1. fertilize the macrogamete
  2. lays down a thick wall and breaks out of host cell
  3. pass out with feces/diarrhea
  4. ingestion and first appearaonce of oocysts in feces
26
Q

(Life Cycle of Eimeria Tenella)

  1. a single oocyst has the potential to produce how many F2 schizonts?
  2. Most bcome macrogametes –> ?
A
  1. 2,520,000
  2. oocysts
27
Q

(Eimeria Tenella)

  1. Most pathogenic of what?
  2. Estimated losses are over 40 mil ww - plus anti-coccidial compounds
  3. found most often in birds of what age?
A
  1. chicken coccidia
  2. 4 weeks of ages (cecal coccidosis)
28
Q

(eimeria tenella)

(pathogenesis)

  1. may vary in severity from inapparent to acute (fatal, depends on what?
  2. Also impacted by breed, age, nutritional status and stress factors
A
  1. size of infecting dose
30
Q

(eimeria tenella)

(pathogenesis/clinical signs)

  1. loss of blood may lead to what?
  2. recovery is slow (if they do)
  3. older birds can do what?
A
  1. anemia
  2. dvelop immunity
31
Q

(Eimeria Necatrix)

(life cycle)

  1. common worldwide
  2. 1st and 2nd generation schizonts are wher?
  3. 3rd gen schizonts and gametogony occur where?
A
  1. small intestine
  2. ceca
32
Q

(Eimeria Necatrix)

(pathogogenesis)

  1. what gen is most pathogenic?
  2. thought to cause more chronic disease due to what?
  3. pathology primarily where?
  4. lesions are what in appearance?
  5. death occurs 5-7 days pi
A
  1. 2nd
  2. extensive scarring of the si
  3. middle third of the si
  4. small and white
36
Q

(Eimeria Adenoides)

  1. common, found worldwide
  2. PPP = ?
  3. parent period = ?
  4. Most of the life cycle takes place where?
A
  1. 4-6 days
  2. 7-20 days
  3. the lower 1/3 of the si, ceca, and rectum
37
Q

(Eimeria adenoides)

(pathogenesis)

004 - Parasitology (13 decks)

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