05 - Hemoflagellates Flashcards
You’ve found Trypanosoma Cruzi! the cause of what?
Chagas Disease or American trypanosomiasis
(Hemoflagellates)
(Heteroxeonus)
- different + strangers
- a parasite that has what?
(Vertebrates)
- bloo, also tissue fluids and cells
- bloodsucking incsects
- more than one obligatory host in its life cycle
(Characteristics)
- flagellum?
- kinetoplast
is a large mitochondrian
adjacent to what?
- undulating membrane
- basal body
pathogenic are the important one - nt that you really need to memorize them or anything
(Trapanosoma Cruzi)
- American trypanosomiasis (aka what?)
- Chagas disease
(Trypanosoma Cruzi)
(Hosts)
(definitive hosts)
- what are they?
(reservoir hosts)
- ?
(intermediate hosts)
- ?
- humans, dogs, primates
- armadillos, cats, chickens, rodents, bats, pigs, marsupials (possums)
- kissing bugs
vectors triatoma, rhodnius, panstrongylus
(Trypanosoma Cruzi)
so only 12 species are actually vectors
should figure this out… when it feeds it defecates - therefore dropping bacteria into bite site
(Transmission of T. Cruzi to Humans and Dogs)
- What is the most significant route?
- trypanosome-infected bug feces rubbed into bite wound or intact mucous membranes
(Other: blood transfusion, ingestion of infected meat, congenital transmission)
(Chagas Disease)
- Acute and chronic phase of what?
- American trypanosomiasis
(Chagas Disease)
(Chagoma)
HE WILL NOT ASK ABOUT HUMAN SIGNS
- local swelling where?
- then what?
(Romana’s sign)
- chagoma
- unilateral conjuctivitis with twhat?
- at site of trypanosome entry
- parasite multiplication
- orbital edema
(Chagas Disease)
(Chronic Phase)
- Clincial disease reappears how many years after infection?
he said he won’t ask about human signs so just take a look
- 10 to 20 years
(Canine Chagas Disease)
- acute signs?
- chronic?
- fever, lymphadenopathy, diarrhea, myocarditis (arrhythmias, death)
- 8 to 26 months post-infection
dilated cardiomyopathy
ventricular arrhtmias
R-CHF
(dogs do go chronic all that often - he sounded like only know acute)
(Canine Chagas Disease)
(Canine Chagas Disease)
(treatment)
- kill what?
- with what?
- drugs available for chronic stage?
- circulating trypomastigotes
- nifurtimox, benznidazle, allopurinol
- no
he said we will find nagana on an exam at some point for sure
(African Trypanosomiasis)
- transmitted by what?
- tsetse flies (flossina spp.)
(African Trypanosomiasis)
(Nagana)
- What are hosts?
- antelopes and other native ruminants
(also cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, camels, dogs, and cats)
(African Trypanosomiasis)
(African Trypanosomiasis)
(Disease)
- Severity of disease depends on what?
- Mortality associated with level of…
- trypanosome spp. and host susceptibiliity
(Other trypanosomes)
(T. evansi)
- “Surra”
- affects what?
- Asia, C & S, America
- transmitted by what?
- disease similar to what?
- horses, camels, deer, other mammals
- tabanid and stable flies
- T. brucei
(Other trypanosomes)
(T. Equiperdum)
- dourine, mal du coit
- Venereal disease of what?
- Asia, Eastern Europe, Africa
- Eradicated in US and W Europe
(Three stages)
1-3. what are they?
- can it be fatal?
- Drug treatment can result in what?
- horses and donkeys
- edema, discharge, depigmenation of penis or vulva
- rash on sides of body
- paralysis (neck and nostrils, then hind, then rest of body)
- yes (unless treated)
- inapparent carriers (suamin, diminazene, qiapryamine, cymelarsan
