05 - Enterobacteriaceae (Poultry/humans/lambs)

Question 1

(E. Coli Infection in Poultry - Colisepticaemia)

1. This can be seen in what three forms?
2. What are the three types of colisepticemia?

Answer 1

1. acute septicemia

sub acute polyserositis (inflammation of internal structures - peritoneum, air sace, heart sac, surface of liver)

chronic granulomatous inflammation (nodules of inflammatory tissue)

2. Neonatl, Respiratory, Enteric

Question 2

(Neonatal Colisepticaemia)

1. Affects chicks when?
2. mortality remains high for how long?
3. What is a real consequence?
4. affected chicks initially show what?
5. progresses to what?

Answer 2

1. within two days of hatching
2. two or three wekeks
3. stunting
4. darkened lungs and enlarged spleens
5. pericarditis, pleuritis, peritonitis, air sacculitis

Question 3

(Yolk Sac infection by Escherichia Coli can result in significant mortality)

1. yolk sac infection causes mortality in chicks when?
2. what is the center of infection?
3. Chicks with yolk sac infecttion have inflammation of the navel where the route of infection is via what?

or E. coli can multiply where?

Answer 3

1. first week after hatching

(many embryos die before hatching, some die at or shortly after)

2. yolk sac of embryos
3. the unhealed naval

the hatching egg following fecal contamination of the shell

Question 4

(Respiratory Colisepticaemia)

1. E. Coli that access the bloodstream when?
2. What are the lesions of this form?
3. As infection progresses what happens to the air sacs?

Answer 4

1. after crossing the damaged respiratory tract lining or epithelium
2. tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, air sacculitis, pericarditis, and periotonitis
3. they thicken and progress into their fibrinous forms (such as fibrous pericarditis)

Question 5

not sure what this is referring to… lok at pages 52-57…. something with the affect of ammonia on the action of cilia possibly

Question 6

(Enteric Colisepticaemia)

1. Seen as a sequel to what?
2. At the outset… what is the main lesion?
3. within a few days afflicted birds then develop what?

Answer 6

1. something that has damaged the lining of the digestive tract
2. liver congestion or greening
3. lesions similar to those seen in respiratory colisepticemia

Question 7

(Escherichia Coli can contribute to the following)

(egg peritonitis (Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum, the thin tissue that lines the inner wall of the abdomen and covers most of the abdominal organs)

1. E. Colli infection of what?
2. Is characterized by what 4 signs?
3. inflammation of what?

Answer 7

1. peritoneal cavity (occurs in laying hens)
2. yolk debris, inspissated yolk, caseous material, milky fluid in the abdominal cavity
3. ovaries, salpingitis (fallopian tube inflammation)

Question 8

(Acute Salpingitis)

1. Can laying hens die as a result of this?
2. What occurs in those that survive?

Answer 8

1. yes
2. the inflammatory exudate becomes partially organized

oviducts may be extremely enlarged and occupy most of the abdominal cavity

(E. Coli usuall isolated from these lesions)

Question 9

should probably look at the pictures in this slideshow… i am skipping them

Question 10

(E. Coli can contribute to the following)

1. synovitis - what is this?
2. joint infections - arthritis
3. usually happens under what conditions?

Answer 10

1. Synovitis is the medical term for inflammation of the synovial membrane. This membrane lines joints which possess cavities, known as synovial joints.
2. septicemic

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

1. Federally licensed vaccines to prevent enterotoxigenic e.coli infections in neonatal calves have been used extensively in the US
2. Most of the vaccines are based on what?
3. Vaccines are given to pregnant females to do what?

Answer 12

2. fimbrial antigens required for colonization
3. produce antifimbrial antibody in colostrum and milk

Question 13

(E. Coli Infections in Humans)

1. infections are highly susceptible
2. causes what?
3. involved in what?
4. What is documented in nearly all outbreaks?
5. what else?

Answer 13

2. diarrhea
3. urinary tract infections (cystits)
4. uncooked/raw hamburger
5. raw milk

Question 14

(E. Coli O157:H7 in humans is an emerging cause of foodborne illness)

1. E.coli O157:H7 was first described as a cause of human illness associated with undercooked ground beef
2. Production of large quantities of one or more related potent toxins that causes severe damage to what?

Answer 14

2. the lining of the intestine

(then read the rest)

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Answer 17

Question 18

read through page 86

Question 19

(E. Coli Infection in Lambs)

1. enteritis
2. lambs are particularly vulnerable when?
3. mild outbreak - what two things?
4. sever outbreaks - what three things?
5. can it cause abortion/sterility?

Answer 19

2. during first two days of life
3. transistory scouring, sickness
4. per acute toxemia, septic lameness, diarrhea
5. yes

Question 20

(Genus: Enterobacter)

1. ferment what?
2. hemolytic?
3. found widely in nature

enterobacter cloacae and enterobacter aerogenes are important

4. They cause what kind of infections in immunocomporomizsed host hosts?
5. E. aerogenes can be associated with what?
6. what in mares?
7. E. cloacae causes in occatsional bacteriemia humans

Answer 20

1. lactose
2. no
3. opportunistic infections
4. mastitis
5. uterine infections

Question 21

(Genus: Klebsiella)

1. lactose fermenter?
2. hemolytic?
3. what is the type species?
4. oppotunisitic pathogen
5. capsule?
6. associated with what three things?
7. involved in what?

Answer 21

1. yes
2. no
3. klebsiella pneumoniae
4. yes - a large polysaccharide capsule
5. mastitis in cattle, cervicitis and metritis in mares and uinrary tract infections
6. pneumonia in humans, canine cystitis

Question 22

(Genus: Citrobacter)

1. occurs naturally where?
2. can cause what infections in humans and animals?
3. pathogenic?
4. lactose fermenter? mistaken for what?
5. opportunisitc

Answer 22

1. soil (indicator of pollution)
2. urinary tract
3. usually considered to be non-pathogenic
4. yes (delayed), Salmonella

Question 23

(Genus: Proteus)

1. lactose fermenter?
2. genus contains how many species?
3. motile - so do what?
4. hemolytic?
5. protues mirabilis occurs most frequently in clinical material from animals

Answer 23

1. no
2. 4
3. swarm surface of agar
4. no

Question 24

1. Urinary tract infections are frequently caused by protes species in dogs and cats
2. Proteus may also appear similar to what on some differential media?
3. enteric pathogen in animals?

Answer 24

2. salmonella
3. no

Question 25

(Genus: Providencia)

1. lactose fermenter?
2. cause animal infections?
3. similar to what in some biochem rxns?
4. enteric pathogen in animals?
5. cause what in humans?

Answer 25

1. no
2. rarely
3. proteus
4. no
5. diarrhea

Question 26

(Genus: Morganella)

1. LActose fermenter?
2. similar to what?
3. until recently identifited as what?
4. morganella morganii is the species
5. opportunisitc pathogen
6. present in intestinal tract of humans and animals

7. an enteric pathogen?

8. isolated from wound and urinary tract infections

Answer 26

1. no

2. proteus
3. proteus

7. no

Question 27