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---chicago--- > 04 - serum chemistry > Flashcards

04 - serum chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

(6) decreased glucose

A
  1. neonatal
  2. liver failure
  3. sepsis
  4. insulinoma
  5. addison’s
  6. toxins (insulin, xylitol)
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2
Q

4I Glucose

A
  1. DM
  2. stress
  3. pancreatitis
  4. cushing’s
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3
Q

1D Creatinine

A

marked muscle wasting

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4
Q

3I Creatinine

A
  1. Pre-renal (dehydration, d CO, Addison’s)
  2. Renal (infectious/inflamm, toxic, ischemic)
  3. post renal (UO, leakage)
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5
Q

4D BUN

A
  1. liver dz
  2. low protein diet
  3. PU/PD (DM, Cushing’s)
  4. drugs (steroids)
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6
Q

3I BUN

A

same as creatinine + GI bleeding

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7
Q

3D phosphorus

A
  1. ^urinary excretion (DM, hyperPTHism, hyperCa of malignancy)
  2. translocation (insulin)
  3. defective bone mobilization (eclampsia)
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8
Q

1I phosphorus

A
  1. dec urinary excretion (dec GFR, frowing animals, hypoPTHism)
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9
Q

5D Calcium

A
  1. CKD
  2. pancreatitis
  3. dec albumin
  4. ethylene glycol
  5. hypoPTHism
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10
Q

6I Calcium

A
  1. hypercalcemia of malignancy
  2. idiopathic (cats)
  3. primary hyperPTHism
  4. addison’s
  5. granulomatous inflammation (fungal)
  6. toxins (vit D)
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11
Q

4D Sodium

A
  1. GI loss (vomiting, diarrhea)
  2. addison’s
  3. DM
  4. renal loss
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12
Q

3I sodium

A
  1. GI pure water loss (diarrhea, vomiting)
  2. pure water loss (fever, panting)
  3. inadequate water intake
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13
Q

5D Potassium

A
  1. CKD (Cats)
  2. GI loss
  3. renal loss
  4. dec intake
  5. translocation
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14
Q

4I Potassium

A
  1. AKI
  2. UO
  3. addison’s
  4. pseudohyperkalemia (post-collection)
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15
Q

3 dec na/k ratio

A
  1. addison’s
  2. DM
  3. gastroenteritis/diarrhea
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16
Q

chloride - just know sodium

A
17
Q

5d bicarb

A
  1. Diabetic ketoacidosis
  2. renal failure
  3. toxins
  4. vomiting and diarrhea
  5. lactic acidosis
18
Q

4I Bicarb

A
  1. vomiting
  2. GI obstruction
  3. decreased potassium
  4. diuretics
19
Q

dec anion gap rarely significant

A
20
Q

increased anion gap -> metabolic acidosis

A
21
Q

3 Dec TP

A
  1. dec production (malabsorption/nutrition, GI parasitism, liver failure)
  2. increase loss (hemorrhage, PLN, PLE)
22
Q

4 I TP

A
  1. dehydation
  2. chronic inflammation
  3. infection (viral, rickettsial, chronic bacterial)
  4. neoplasia (plasma cell)
23
Q

2 D albumin

A
  1. dec production (liver dz, maldigestion/absorption/nutrition, inflammation)
  2. increased loss (hemorrhage, PLN, PLE, addisons)
24
Q

1I albumin

A
  1. hemoconcentation (dehydration)
25
Q

3d globulin

A
  1. hemorrhage
  2. GI dz (PLE, parasitim, maldigestion/absorption)
  3. pacreatic dz -> maldigestion
26
Q

4i globulin

A
  1. hemoconcetration
  2. inflammation
  3. infection (FIP, other)
  4. neoplasia (plasma cell)
27
Q

1dec ALT

A

end stage liver dz (rarely significant)

28
Q

6I ALT

A
  1. inflam/infectious
  2. toxic (nsiads, steroids, phenobarb)
  3. hypoxia/hypoperfusion
  4. metabolic (hyperT4, hepatic liipidosis, cushing’s, DM)
  5. neoplasia
  6. trauma
29
Q

dec AST not significant

A
30
Q

Inc AST same as ALT

A
31
Q

dec ALP not significant

A
32
Q

3I ALP

A
  1. cholestasis (cushings, HL, DM, mucocele/cholelith, hyperT4, neoplasia, inflammation (cholangitis/pancreatitis)
  2. drugs (steroids, phenobarb)
  3. osteoblastic in young/osteosarc
33
Q

ggt same as alp

A
34
Q

dc TBili not significant

A
35
Q

Tbili

A
36
Q

4d cholesterol

A
  1. dec prod (liver dz)
  2. dec absorption (low fat diet, SI dz (severe)
  3. increased loss (lympangiectasia)
  4. addison’s
37
Q

3I cholesterol

A
  1. increased absorption (post-prandial)
  2. hypothyroidism
  3. DM, pancreatitis, cushing’s
38
Q

2i amylase

A
  1. pancreatic dmg
  2. dec GFR
39
Q

CK

A

muscle damage

---chicago--- (6 decks)

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