03 - Microbe 36 - Mycobacterium tuberculosis LOTS OF INFO Flashcards
Acid-fast bacilli – large amounts of mycolic acids and lipids in cell wall impairs staining with aqueous stains
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and related mycobacteria
look at picture on page 28 of PDF for exterior of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
sweet & neat
Causes tuberculosis – world’s leading infectious disease (hundreds of millions of cases)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacteria other than M. tuberculosis are collectively referred to as
MOTT
(1) Pulmonary lesions
2) Disseminated (kidney, liver, testes, CNS
Description of tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Transmission and epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(1) Highly communicable via aerosols or dust particles containing tubercle bacilli
(2) Prevalent in AIDS patients, crowded populations (e.g. prisons), and street people
(3) Transmission in American society has been greatly affected by changes in building codes (e.g. reduced fresh air circulation) and social mores (e.g. lack of quarantine, including HIV-infected persons).
(1) Highly communicable via aerosols or dust particles containing tubercle bacilli
(2) Prevalent in AIDS patients, crowded populations (e.g. prisons), and street people
(3) Transmission in American society has been greatly affected by changes in building codes (e.g. reduced fresh air circulation) and social mores (e.g. lack of quarantine, including HIV-infected persons).
Transmission and epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Study page 29 of PDF in detail about Mycobacterium tuberculosis
did you do it? …..
seriously don’t be a turd and put down the sweet treats
Pathogenesis of
(1) Primary tuberculosis
(a) Mild and often asymptomatic (flu-like symptoms possible)
(b) Bacteria are breathed into alveoli where they multiply
(c) Tubercle bacilli are ingested by resident macrophages in the pulmonary alveoli
(d) Bacteria multiply within the macrophages
(e) Macrophages containing the bacteria migrate to local lymph nodes where they encounter T-lymphocytes of the cell mediated immunity
(f) Cell Mediated Immunity slows the growth and causes inflammation – process takes about 30 days from initiation of infection
(g) Tuberculin skin test becomes positive
(h) Chest X-ray may reveal growing patches of density in the lung
(i) Bacteria are contained within tubercles – small granulomas consisting of epithelioid and giant cells. Granuloma formation is partly caused by cord factor.
(j) Spontaneous healing – calcified tubercles – occurs in about 75% to 90% of the cases
Which phase of tuberculosis is Cell Mediated Immunity effective?
Primary tuberculosis
in which phase of tuberculosis will the Mycobacterium tuberculosis be contained to TUBERCLES?
Primary tuberculosis
tubercles
– small granulomas consisting of epithelioid and giant cells. Granuloma formation is partly caused by cord factor
– small granulomas consisting of epithelioid and giant cells. Granuloma formation is partly caused by cord factor
tubercles
in which phase of Tb will we most likely see calcified tubercles?
Primary tuberculosis – occurs in about 75% to 90% of the cases
(a) No clinical symptoms
(b) No shedding of bacteria
(c) Skin test positive; chest xray probably negative
(d) No true medical disease, just potential presence of live bacteria within tubercules
Latent phase of Tb