03 - LAB management of breastfeeding problem Flashcards
babies can’t coordinate sucking, swallowing, and breathing well enough to breast or bottle-feed
Until about 32 weeks
will not be strong enough to take enough nutrition by mouth to gain weight
Babies less than about 37 weeks
Key to express breastfeeding in premature infants
Pump early
Pump often
Pump well
is a complex and multi-step process that begins before birth and continues throughout a woman’s life.
Breast Development
During fetal development, the breasts begin as small, rudimentary structures called mammary glands. These glands contain ducts, glands, and fatty tissue.
Embryonic Development
Breast tissue begins to form in the embryo, with the appearance of mammary glands during the 6th to 8th week of gestation
EMBRYONIC AND FETAL STAGE
After birth, the breasts undergo changes as the infant begins to nurse. The ducts and glands grow and differentiate to produce milk.
Infancy
Before puberty, the breast tissue is underdeveloped and primarily composed of ductal structures surrounded by connective tissue.
PREPUBERTAL STAGE
Once fully developed, breast size and shape can continue to fluctuate due to hormonal changes related to menstrual cycles, pregnancy, and aging.
Adult Stage
The onset of puberty triggers hormonal changes in the body, particularly increased levels of estrogen and progesterone.
PUBERTAL STAGE (AGES 8-13 TYPICALLY)
After menopause, reduced levels of estrogen lead to changes in breast tissue, often resulting in a decrease in breast size and changes in texture as glandular tissue is replaced by fatty tissue.
POST-MENOPAUSAL STAGE
Family history can influence breast size, shape, and development patterns.
Genetics
FACTORS INFLUENCING BREAST DEVELOPMENT
Genetics
Hormones
Nutrition
Body and Weight
Estrogen, progesterone, and other hormones play critical roles in breast development. Conditions that affect hormone levels (like hormonal imbalances or certain medical conditions) can impact development.
Hormones
A well-balanced diet is important for overall health and can affect body fat distribution and, indirectly, breast development.
Nutrition
Higher body fat levels can affect breast size since breasts are composed of both glandular and fatty tissue.
Body weight
