03 - inflammation continued

Question 1

(suppurative-neutrophilic-purulent inflammation)

1. suggests what kind of process occuring?
2. often caused by what?
3. are neutrophils normal residents in tissue?

Answer 1

1. active, acute process (can be chronic though…)
2. infectious etios (mostly bacteria; fungal and viral also)

can also see w/ traumatic, toxic, immune, and neoplastic though

3. fuck no!

Question 2

(neutrophil - degenerate changes)

1. morph changes that affect what part of cell mostly?
2. occur when?

Answer 2

1. nuclear
2. when exposed to toxic environment and killed

Question 3

(neutrophil - degenerate changes)

(karyolysis)

1. represent what kind of killing?
2. often from what?
3. most notable change?

Answer 3

1. rapid cell killing
2. bacteria (esp w/ endotoxin)
3. loss of nuclear staining intensity (nuclear margin becomes indistinct)

(but cytosplasmic magin is still intact)

Question 4

from left to right

Answer 4

normal, pyknosis, kayorrhexis, karyolysis

Question 5

karyo = ?

Answer 5

nucleus

Question 6

(pyknosis)

1. what kind of process causes this?

Answer 6

1. slow change in relatively benign, mildly toxic environment

may represent old age changes or apoptosis due to low-grade insult

Question 7

(karyorrhexis)

1. causes similar to what?

Answer 7

1. same things that cause pyknosis

Question 8

(eosinophilic inflammation)

1. commonly present with other types of inflammation
2. called such when eosinophils are greater that 10% of the inflammatory cells
3. 4 causes?

Answer 8

3. allergy/hypersensitivity, parasites, fungal, neoplasia (mast cell, lymphoma)

Question 9

(macrophagic inflammation)

1. composed of mononuclear, variably vacuolated macrophages
2. ^ vacuolization indicates what?
3. indicates acute or chronic?
4. what causes?

Answer 9

2. ^ activation
3. chronic
4. FBs, fungus, metazoan, “higher bacteria” (nocardia, actinomyces, mycobacterium)

Question 10

(granulomatous inflammation)

1. etio and diff dx similar to what type of inflammation?
2. mainly what kind of cells?

Answer 10

1. macrophagic
2. macrophages

(not uncommon to see lymphocytes, plasma cells, and fibroblasts present as well)

Question 11

(pyogranulomatous inflammation)

1. what is it?
2. diff dx idential to what type of inflammation?

Answer 11

1. granulomatous inflammation with neutrophils!
2. granulomatous

Question 12

(lymphocytic and/or plasmacytic inflammation)

1. variety of causes - name 4

Answer 12

1. allergic rxn, viral infections, assoc w/ chronic inflammation, assoc w/ nonspecific antigenic stimulation (IBD)

Question 13

(hemorrhage)

1. not a type of inflammation, however, commonly seen with it
2. peracute - looks like what?

indistinguishable from what?

3. acute/active (matter of hours) -> what occurs?
4. chronic: prod of what by phags?

Answer 13

2. like peripheral blood (morph, platelets, PCV)

blood contamination

3. erythrophagia by macrophages
4. hemosiderin (gray-black pigment)

hematoidin (yellow) if in anaerobic environ