02/02 Flashcards
What a poor prognostic factors for Hodgkins Lymphoma?
Presence of B symptoms- night sweats, weight loss and fever
Male gender
Age >45 at diagnosis
High WCC, low Hb, high ESR or low albumin
What is the most aggressive form of lymphoma?
Lymphocyte depleted Hodgkin Lymphoma
When should a 2ww be completed in people with unexplained iron deficient anaemia?
Women <100
Men <110
How can different blood clotting test results lead to different bleeding disorder diagnosis?
vWF
- APTT increased
- bleeding time increased (thrombin time)
- PT normal
Haemophilia
- APTT increased
- PT and thrombin time normal
Warfarin overdose
- APTT and PT increased
- thrombin time normal
What are complications of blood transfusions?
Hyperkalaemia
Transfusion associated lung injury
Transfusion related circulatory overload
Infective
Immunological- acute haemolytic, non-haemolytic febrile and allergic
Clotting
Iron overload
What can a combination of NSAIDs and Multiple myeloma cause?
Kidney failure
What is a characteristic finding on blood film in Sickle cell?
Howell- Jolley cells
Diagnosis confirmed by Hb electrophoresis
How long should a unit of RBC be transfused in a non urgent situation?
Over 90-120mins
If history of heart failure- done over 3hrs
What is a key distinguishing feature of CML?
White cells can be raised instead of depleted
Can have increased platelets too
What is polycythaemia (rubra) vera?
Myeloproliferative disorder characterised by excess red blood cells
JAK2 mutation is common
What is the difference between aplastic and sequestrian crises?
Aplastic crises has reduced reticulocytes and sequestrian has increased
Aplastic normally has an increase in WCC too
What are blood film features of hyposplenism?
Howell Jolley Bodies
Siderocytes
How can neutropenia in cancer be treated?
Filgastrim if high risk of neutropenia
