007

Question 1

Define the primary structure of a protein:

Answer 1

A specific sequence of amino acids joined by peptide bonds

Question 2

How could you identify the beginning of a polypeptide?
Look for the amino terminus / carboxyl terminus

Answer 2

Amino terminus

Question 3

During translation, what kind of bond is formed between amino acids?
A _______ (type in the specific name of the bond), which is a strong covalent bond / weak noncovalent bond

Answer 3

Peptide bond, strong covalent bond

Question 4

What determines the order of amino acids in a polypeptide?

Answer 4

The sequence of codons in the mRNA (which is in turn encoded by the DNA)

Question 5

Define tertiary structure of a protein:

Answer 5

The fully folded, 3-dimensional structure of
the protein.

Question 6

What is a chemical reaction?

Answer 6

When molecules (reactants) are transformed into other molecules (products) by the breaking and making of new covalent bonds

Question 7

In the context of a chemical reaction, what is a substrate?

Answer 7

A substrate is the reactant

Question 8

What is an enzyme?

Answer 8

A type of protein that acts as a catalyst for a chemical reaction

Question 9

To start the chemical reaction, what must happen between the enzyme and the substrate?

Answer 9

They have to bind to each other. The region of the enzyme where the substrate binds to the enzyme is called the active site.