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Question 1

Hydrophilic uncharged (polar)
Characteristics:
Functional group:

Answer 1

Has polar covalent bonds, hydroxyl (OH) carbonyl (C=O) amino (NH2)

Question 1

Hydrophobic (nonpolar)
Characteristics:
Functional group:

Answer 1

Mainly nonpolar covalent bonds, methyl (CH3)

Question 2

Hydrophilic charged (basic and acidic)
Characteristics:
Functional group:

Answer 2

Full positive or negative charges, amino
(+NH3) carboxyl (COO-)

Question 3

The primary structure of a protein is the linear sequence of amino acids joined by _______ (type of covalent bond).

Answer 3

Peptide bonds

Question 4

The secondary structure of a protein includes coils or adjacent polypeptide strands stabilized by ________ (type of weak intermolecular force).

Answer 4

Hydrogen bonds

Question 5

The tertiary structure of a protein is the final, three-dimensional folded protein structure, stabilized by _______, _______, and _______ (types of weak forces).

Answer 5

Hydrophobic clustering, hydrogen bond interactions, ionic bond interactions

Question 6

_______: In eukaryotes, a linear double-stranded DNA structure (double helix) that contains the genetic material

Answer 6

Chromosome

Question 7

_______: Region of the chromosome important for cell division (where spindle fibers will attach in mitosis)

Answer 7

Centromere

Question 8

_______: A region of the chromosomal DNA associated with a trait

Answer 8

Gene

Question 9

_______: The DNA strand used to create the RNA

Answer 9

Template strand

Question 10

_______: Three nucleotide unit that specifies an amino acid

Answer 10

Codon

Question 11

_______: The building block of proteins, and what is specified by the codons in mRNA

Answer 11

Amino acid