肿瘤 Flashcards

0
Q

肿瘤可分成

A

良性肿瘤

恶性肿瘤

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1
Q

有一些肿瘤有多发的倾向,如子宫平滑肌平均多少?可达多少?

A

4个

310个

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2
Q

来源于哪儿称为肉瘤(sarcoma)?

A

间叶组织的恶性肿瘤

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3
Q

来源于哪儿称癌(carcinoma)?

A

上皮组织的恶性肿瘤

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4
Q

恶性肿瘤的扩散方式都包括哪些?

A

直接蔓延(direct spread)

转移(metastasis)

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5
Q

哪种肿瘤不扩散?

A

良性肿瘤

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6
Q

恶病质(cachexia)是什么?

A

恶性肿瘤晚期患者可发生严重消瘦,无力,贫血,全身衰竭,皮肤干黄。

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7
Q

转移途径有哪些?

A

淋巴道转移
血道转移
种植转移

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8
Q

异型性(atypia)的概念

A

指肿瘤的实质。与其发源的正常组织有不同程度的差异。

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9
Q

叙述良性肿瘤和恶性肿瘤的区别

A

良性肿瘤 恶性肿瘤
分化程度 分化高,与发源组织 分化低,与发源组
的形态相似,细胞无间变 不相似,胞有间变
核分裂象 无,或罕见 多见
生长速度 缓慢 较快
生长方式 膨胀性生长,常有 浸润性生长,无包膜
包膜边界清楚,可推动 边界不清楚,比较固定
转移 不 常有
继发性改变 少见 坏死,出血等
复发 手术后少 易复发
对机体影响 较小,主要为局部 较大.破坏组
压迫阻塞, 可引起功能亢 进,出血,感染等,恶病质最后可引起死亡

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10
Q

实性癌的概念(solid carcinoma)

A

也称单纯癌(carcinoma simplex),属于低分化的腺癌,恶性程度较高,多发生于乳癌,少数可发生于胃及甲状腺。

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11
Q

原位癌的概念

A

癌变只限于上皮层而未突破基膜者

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12
Q

癌前病变的概念

A

某些具有癌变倾向的良性病变,如长期未治愈即可能转变为癌。

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13
Q

硬癌的概念 (scirrhous carcinoma)

A

实性癌中癌巢小且少而间质结缔组织多者,质地硬。

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