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思想与社会 > 浅谈先秦朝思想 > Flashcards

浅谈先秦朝思想 Flashcards

1
Q

春秋

A

Chun1Qiu1 / Spring and Autumn (period)

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2
Q

浅谈

A

Qian3Tan2 / To talk casually

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3
Q

崩溃

A

Beng1Kui4 / To collapse, crumble, disintegrate

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4
Q

紊乱

A

Wen4Luan4; chaotic

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5
Q

农奴

A

Nong2Nu2; Serf

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6
Q

解放

A

Jie3Fang4; Liberate

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7
Q

才智

A

cai2Zhi4; Intellect, Talent and Wisdom

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8
Q

情势

A

Qing2Shi4; Situation (Political, economic, etc. Negative Implication)

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9
Q

动乱

A

Dong4Luan4; Tumultuous (society, etc)

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10
Q

拥护

A

Yong3Hu4; To support (person, position, religion, political party, etc.)

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11
Q

申述

A

Shen1Shu4; to explicate (an academic theory, complex idea); to elaborate to expound.

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12
Q

修正

A

Xiu1Zheng4; To revise

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13
Q

各X各的

A

Ge4…Ge4de; Each X his/her/its own seperately

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14
Q

持之有故,言之成理

A

Chi2Zhi1You3Gu4，Yan2Zhi1Cheng2Li3; Have ample grounds for one’s assertions and speak reasonably and pursuasively

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15
Q

诸子

A

Zhu1Zi3; the Classical Chinese Philosophers

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16
Q

出身

A

chu1Shen1; to come from

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17
Q

才能

A

Cai2Neng2; Ability/Talent

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18
Q

通称

A

Tong1Cheng1; General Term for

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19
Q

礼

A

Li3; Li (knowledge of rites and ceremonies. Also refers to one of the six Confucian classics)

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20
Q

乐

A

Yue4; Yue (knowledge of music and official folk songs. Also refer to one of the six Confucian classics).

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21
Q

有份儿

A

You3Fen(r)4; To have a share in the right or responsibility of something

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22
Q

贵族

A

Gui4Zu2; Nobles

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23
Q

封建

A

Feng1Jian4; Feudalism

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24
Q

抬头

A

Tai2Tou2; gain ground (li. look up)

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25
Q

倾向

A

Qing1Xiang4; Tendency

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26
Q

君主

A

jun1zhu3; monarch

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27
Q

技能

A

Ji4Neng2; Skill

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28
Q

供养

A

Gong1Yang3; to look after

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29
Q

流落

A

Liu2Luo4; To drift about; to wander about destitute

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30
Q

雇用

A

Gu4Yong4; To Employ

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31
Q

起初

A

Qi3Chu1; Originally

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32
Q

伺候

A

Ci4Hou4; To serve

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33
Q

自由职业

A

Zi4You2Zhi2Ye4; Freelance

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34
Q

居然

A

Ju1Ran2; Surprisingly

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35
Q

声势

A

Sheng1Shi4; Influence, Power

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36
Q

家

A

Jia1; Schools of thought

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37
Q

百家

A

Bai3Jia1; Various Schools of Thought

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38
Q

兴起

A

Xing1Qi3; To Arise

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39
Q

教授

A

Jiao1Shou4; To Teach

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40
Q

发扬

A

fa1yang2; to develop (something lofty and grand)

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41
Q

光大

A

Guang1Da4; to carry forward (something lofty and grand)

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42
Q

名

A

Ming2; to be named.

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43
Q

丘

A

Qiu1; Confucius’s name

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44
Q

字

A

Zi4; to be named (refers to nicknames)

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45
Q

仲尼

A

Zhong4Ni2; Confucious’ nickname

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46
Q

贫穷

A

Pin2Qiong2; Poor

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47
Q

鲁国

A

Lu3Guo2; Lu Kingdom

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48
Q

相礼

A

Xiang4Li3; To help others carry out rites

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49
Q

有教无类

A

You3Jiao4Wu2Lei4; Teaching all people

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50
Q

缴

A

Jiao3; to pay (tuition, bill, rent, etc.)

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51
Q

一律

A

Yi2Lv4; Without exception, uniformly

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52
Q

书

A

Shu1; The Book Of History

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53
Q

周游

A

Zhou1You2; To Journey Around

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54
Q

列国

A

Lie4Guo2; Various Kingdoms, Various Countries.

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55
Q

游说

A

You2Shui4; To lobby, to go around drumming up support for ideas

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56
Q

讲学

A

Jiang3Xue2; to give a lecture

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57
Q

创始

A

Chuang4Shi3; to found

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58
Q

辩护

A

Bian4Hu4; To speak on someone’s behalf

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59
Q

西周

A

Xi1Zhou1; Western Zhou Dynasty

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60
Q

文王

A

Wen2Wang2; Father of the Founder of the Zhou Dynasty

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61
Q

周公

A

Zhou1Gong1; Younger brother of the Founder of the Zhou Dynasty

62
Q

使命

A

Mission; (grand duty); Shi3Ming4.

63
Q

述而不作，信而好古

A

Shu4Er2Bu2Zuo4, Xin4Er2Hao4Gu3; repeating others’ old theories without making innovative contributions of one’s own scholarship

64
Q

必修

A

Bi4Xiu1; Mandatory (refers to a course).

65
Q

博学多能

A

Bo2Xue2Duo1Neng2; “Renaissance Man”

66
Q

为人

A

Wei2Ren2; to behave (like a good person); to conduct oneself (correctly)

67
Q

性情

A

Xing4Qing2 ;Character (of a person)

68
Q

推己及人

A

Tui1Ji3Ji2Ren2; Put oneself in other’s shoes

69
Q

规范

A

Gui1Fan4; Norm

70
Q

道义

A

Dao4Yi4; Morality and Justice

71
Q

计较

A

Ji4Jiao4; to give thought to, to bother with, to quibble over

72
Q

正明

A

Zheng4Ming2; Calling things what they ought to be called

73
Q

史官

A

Shi3Guan1; Officials who record history

74
Q

归纳

A

Gui1Na4; To sum up (by logically extracting the important points from larger body)

75
Q

道

A

Dao4; the “right” way to do things

76
Q

臣

A

Chen2; Chinese feudal class, including vassals and officials

77
Q

符合

A

Fu2He2; To match; To be in accordance with

78
Q

君君，臣臣，父父，子子

A

Jun1Jun1, Chen2Chen2, Fu4Fu4, Zi3Zi3；
In government, officials should act responsibly according to their role, and in home fathers and sons should do the same

79
Q

流民

A

Liu2Min2; Exile, Vagrant, Refugee

80
Q

武士

A

Wu3Shi4; Warrior

81
Q

墨翟

A

Mo4Di2; Mo-Tzu’s name

82
Q

大夫

A

Da4Fu1; a rank of landed official in China’s feudal system

83
Q

微贱

A

Wei2Jian4; lowly, humble (in social status, not attitude)

84
Q

苦工

A

Ku3Gong1; Hard Labor

85
Q

犯人

A

Fan4Ren2; Criminal

86
Q

浑名

A

Hun2Ming2; Sobriquet

87
Q

自称

A

Zi4Cheng1; To refer to oneself (as)

88
Q

首领

A

Shou3Ling3; Leader

89
Q

巨子

A

Ju4Zi3; Leader of Mohism

90
Q

任

A

Ren4; “term” (Measure Word)

91
Q

武器

A

Wu3Qi4; Weapon

92
Q

防卫

A

Fang2Wei4; To defend (and guard) a person, place, etc.

93
Q

防守

A

Fang2Shou3; To defend (a place). Also means “defense” in sports

94
Q

攻

A

Gong1; To Attack (also offense)

95
Q

故意

A

Gu4Yi4; Intentionally, on purpose, deliberately (usually negative connotation)

96
Q

争斗

A

Zheng1Dou4; to fight

97
Q

利

A

Li4; To benefit

98
Q

蒹

A

Jian1; “at the same time”

99
Q

兼爱

A

Jian1Ai4; philosophy of universal, unconditional love expounded by Mo-Tzu

100
Q

代言人

A

Dai4Yan2Ren2; Spokesperson

101
Q

隐士

A

Yin3Shi4; Hermit

102
Q

挽救

A

Wan3Jiu4; to save

103
Q

世间

A

Shi4Jian1; the (secular) world

104
Q

不闻不问

A

Bu4Wen2Bu2Wen4; Indifferent

105
Q

知其不可而为之

A

Zhi1Qi2Bu4Ke3Er2Wei2Zhi1; To make an effort even though success is impossible

106
Q

吃力不讨好

A

Chi1Li4Bu4Tao3Hao3; To be a fool for one’s pains; to expend a lot of effort accomplishing something that others do not appreciate

107
Q

独善其身

A

Du2Shan4Qi2Shen1; To focus on self improvement and pay no attention to the vulgar affairs of the state

108
Q

消极

A

Xiao1Ji2; negative

109
Q

相传

A

Xiang1Chuan2; to be traditionally said

110
Q

接近

A

Jie1Jin4; to be close to

111
Q

接近

A

Jie1Jin4; to be close to

112
Q

遵循

A

Zun1Xun2; to abide by

113
Q

规律

A

Gui1Lv; Law (of nature)

114
Q

顺应

A

To comply with; Shun4Ying4

115
Q

躲避

A

Duo3Bi4; to avoid

116
Q

灾害

A

Zai1Hai4; Disaster

117
Q

物极则反

A

Wu4Ji2Ze2Fan3; when things approach one extreme, they tend to swing back the other way

118
Q

处事接物

A

Chu3Shi4Jie1Wu4; to handle things and deal with people

119
Q

从…下手

A

Cong2…Xia4Shou3; to set about …to start

120
Q

以退为进

A

Yi3Tui4Wei2Jin4; to make gains by making concessions

121
Q

不至于

A

Bu2Zhi4Yu2; wouldn’t; not so bad as to; not that, won’t end up (in reference to usually negative action or state that won’t happen because conditions aren’t met)

122
Q

顺其自然

A

Shun4Qi2Zi4Ran2;let things take their natural course

123
Q

打成一片

A

Da3Cheng2Yi2Pian4; to fit in well (and get along well with a group of people)

124
Q

法术

A

Fa3Shu4; rules practiced by Legalists (including punishments)

125
Q

集权

A

Ji2Quan2; centralization of state power

126
Q

扩大

A

Kuo4Da4; to expand

127
Q

人治

A

Ren2Zhi4; “rule by men” (the key to stability lies in ensuring the moral and upright actions of people)

128
Q

礼治

A

Li3Zhi4; “rule by li”; the key to stability lies in the proper conferral of titles and observance of rites)

129
Q

适用

A

Shi4Yong4; to apply

130
Q

参谋

A

Can1Mou2; advisor

131
Q

法治

A

Fa3Zhi4; rule by law

132
Q

集…大成

A

Ji2…Da4Cheng2; to appropriate, reorganize, and re-present (multiple ideas, theories, principles, etc.)

133
Q

严

A

Yan2; strict; severe (in chapter it modifies both 赏 and 罚)

134
Q

驾驭

A

Jia4Yu4; to control

135
Q

臣下

A

Chen2Xia4; vassals and officials

136
Q

规矩

A

Gui1Ju3; rule (for how to act properly)

137
Q

准绳

A

Zhun3Sheng2; criterion, benchmark

138
Q

偏

A

Pian1; to tend toward

139
Q

支配

A

Zhi1Pei4; to control

140
Q

归于

A

Gui1Yu2; to end up

141
Q

典籍

A

Dian3Ji2; ancient books and records

142
Q

井然有序

A

Jing3Ran2You3Xu4; orderly, methodical, organized

143
Q

董仲舒

A

Dong3Zhong4Shu1; a scholar during the reign of Hanwudi

144
Q

建议

A

Jian4Yi4; to recommend

145
Q

六经

A

Liu4Jing1; the six Confucian classics

146
Q

禁止

A

Jin4Zhi3; to ban

147
Q

邪说

A

Xie2Shuo1; heretical ideas

148
Q

分明

A

Fen1Ming2; distinct

149
Q

采纳

A

Cai3Na4; to accept, to adopt (an idea, suggestion, recommendation)

150
Q

正统

A

Zheng4Tong3; orthodox

151
Q

言论

A

Yan2Lun4; speech (political discourse)

152
Q

究竟

A

Jiu4Jing4; After All

思想与社会 (7 decks)

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