感冒 Flashcards

0
Q

鑒別診斷感冒與溫病相鑒別

A

感冒發熱多不高或不發熱,溫病必有發熱甚至高熱;感冒服解表藥後,多能汗出身涼脈靜,溫熱病汗出後熱雖暫降,但脈數不靜,身熱旋即覆起,且見傳變入里的証候

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1
Q

感冒証型3 -(2)

特征8

A

風寒証、風熱証、暑濕証。附:氣虛、陰虛

鼻塞、流涕、噴嚏、咳嗽、頭痛、惡寒、發熱、全身不適

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2
Q

惡寒重,發熱輕,無汗①,頭痛,肢節酸疼②,鼻塞③聲重,時流清涕,喉癢③,咳嗽③,痰吐稀薄白,口不渴或渴喜熱飲④,舌苔薄白而潤,脈浮或浮緊⑤。病因病機、治則、方藥

A

感冒 風寒証 ①風寒之邪外束肌表,衛陽被郁 ②清陽不展,絡脈失和 ③風寒上受,肺氣不宣 ④寒為陰邪 ⑤表寒征象
治則:辛溫解表
方藥:荊防敗毒散

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3
Q

14荊防12敗毒散

表寒重者可配

A

人參敗毒草苓芎,羌獨柴前殼桔同薑薄+荊芥,防風
人參、甘草、茯苓、川芎、羌活、獨活、柴胡、前胡、枳殼、生薑、薄荷

麻黃、桂枝

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4
Q

身熱較著,微惡風,汗泄不暢①,頭脹痛②,咳嗽,痰粘或黃④,③咽燥,或咽喉乳蛾紅疼痛③,鼻塞,③流黃濁涕③,口渴欲飲,⑤舌苔薄白微黃、邊尖紅、脈象浮數⑤。病因病機、治則、方藥

A

感冒 風熱証 ①風熱犯表,熱郁肌腠,衛表失和 ②風熱上擾 ③風熱之邪熏蒸清道 ④風熱犯肺,肺失清肅 ⑤風熱侵入肺衛之証
治則:辛涼解表
方藥:銀翹散、蔥豉桔梗湯加減

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5
Q

10銀翹散 8蔥豉桔梗湯

A

金銀花、連翹#、薄荷#、蘆根、甘草#、桔梗#、淡豆豉#,淡竹葉#、牛蒡子、荊芥

蔥白、栀子######

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6
Q

身熱,微惡風,汗少,肢體酸重或疼痛①,頭昏重脹痛②,咳嗽痰粘,鼻流濁涕③,心煩,口渴④,或口中粘膩,渴不多飲,胸悶,泛噁⑤,④小便短赤④,舌苔薄黃而膩,脈濡數⑥。病因病機、治則、方藥

A

感冒 暑濕証 夏季感冒,感受當令之暑邪,暑多夾濕,每多暑濕並重。
①暑濕傷表,表衛不和 ②風寒夾濕上犯清空 ③暑熱犯肺,肺氣不清 ④暑熱內擾,熱灼津傷 ⑤濕熱中阻,氣機不展 ⑥暑熱夾濕之征
治則:清暑袪濕解表
方藥:新加香薷飲加減

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7
Q

5新加香薷飲

小便短赤

A

銀花、連翹、香薷、厚朴、扁豆
六一散
滑石 甘草

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8
Q

惡寒較甚,發熱,無汗,身楚倦怠,咳嗽,咳痰無力、舌淡苔白、脈浮無力。病因病機、治則、方藥

A

氣虛感冒
衛氣不固,外感風寒,氣虛托送無力,邪不易解。
治則:益氣解表
方藥:參蘇飲

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9
Q

11參蘇飲

A

人參、蘇葉、甘草、茯苓、陳皮、木香、半夏、枳殼、桔梗、葛根、前胡、

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10
Q

身熱,微惡風寒,少汗,頭昏,心煩,口干,干咳痰少,舌紅少苔,脈細數。病因病機、治則、方藥

A

陰虛感冒
陰津素虧,外感風熱,津液不能作汗達邪。
治則:滋陰解表
方藥:加減葳蕤湯

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11
Q

8加減葳蕤湯

A

加減葳蕤用白薇,豆豉生蔥桔梗隨,草棗薄何共八味,滋陰發汗此方魁

蔥白、桔梗、豆豉、薄荷、甘草、大棗、玉竹、白薇

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