妊娠病 Flashcards

1
Q

妊娠的病机有哪三个?

A

1)孕后阴血下注养胎,易致阴血偏虚,阳气偏旺的生理状态;
2)胎儿逐渐长大,胎体上升,影响气机的升降,形成气滞、气逆、痰郁的病理变化;
3)素体脾胃虚弱,生化之源不足,胎失所养;或因先天肾气不足,胞失所系,以致胎元不固。

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2
Q

妊娠的治则是?

A

治病与安胎并举

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3
Q

妊娠的注意事项?

A

1)不宜乱投药
2)不能因怀孕而讳疾忌医
3)凡峻下、滑利、祛瘀、破血、耗气、散气及一切有毒药品都应慎用或禁用。
4)掌握剂量

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4
Q

妊娠恶阻的病机和治则?

A

冲脉之气上逆犯胃,胃失和降。以调气和冲,降逆止呕为主

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5
Q

妊娠腹痛(胞阻)的病机和治则?

A

胞脉阻滞,气血运行不畅。养血理气,止痛安胎

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6
Q

异位妊娠破裂的临床表现?

A

明显的下腹痛,不规则阴道流血,流血量与失血程度不成比例,面色晄白,头晕恶心,甚则腹痛拒按,肛门胀坠,肢冷汗出,甚至晕厥。已破损型异位妊娠分为三型;休克型,不稳定型,包块型

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7
Q

胎漏,胎动不安的病机?

A

冲任不固,胎失所养,胎元不健。 治法治则:以安胎为主

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8
Q

3、 胎漏、胎动不安与堕胎、小产的鉴别?

A

胎漏:妊娠期间,阴道不时有少量出血,时出时止,或淋漓不断,而无腰酸腹痛、小腹附胀等现象者
胎动不安:妊娠期间腰酸、腹痛下坠或伴有少量阴道出血者
堕胎:妊娠12周内胚胎自然殒堕者
小产:妊娠12-28周内,胎儿已成形而自然殒堕者

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9
Q

滑胎的定义?

A

堕胎、小产连续发生3次或3次以上

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10
Q

滑胎的病机?

A

肾虚,冲任损伤,胎元不固

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11
Q

子死腹中气血虚弱的代表方?

A

救母丹

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12
Q

子死腹中血瘀的代表方?

A

脱花煎去芒硝

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13
Q

妊娠肿胀脾虚的代表方?

A

白术散加砂仁

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14
Q

救母丹适合哪个证

A

子死腹中气虚血弱

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15
Q

脱花煎去芒硝适合哪个证

A

子死腹中血瘀

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