內分泌 Flashcards by 勛奇劉

Q

鬆弛素（relaxin)

A

使恥骨聯合骨盆關節鬆弛
使子宮頸軟化與擴大

增加精子在子宮內的活動力

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Q

松果腺

A

7歲開始退化萎縮且不斷有鈣鹽沉積

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Q

促進腎上腺素分泌

A

有壓力和低血糖

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Q

半衰期最短的激素

A

正腎上腺素(NE)

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Q

身上最大的專職內分泌腺體

A

甲狀腺

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Q

甲狀腺素T3與T4誰多？

A

T4 碘化容易雙取代

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Q

血液中較多的游離型甲狀腺素

A

T3

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Q

第二型糖尿病患者大多

A

成年肥胖者

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Q

何種酵素活化使cAMP上升

A

腺酐酸環化酶

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Q

生糖素主要作用組織

A

肝臟

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Q

GH與？拮抗

A

胰島素

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Q

SS來源

A

下視丘
腸
胰臟

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Q

乳腺

A

不屬於內分泌系統

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Q

促進肝糖蛋白質脂肪合成

刺激周邊組織對酮酸的利用

A

胰島素

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Q

分泌醛固酮

A

腎上腺皮質小球帶（絲球帶）

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Q

分泌cortisol

A

腎上腺皮質（束狀帶）

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Q

抑制GH分泌

A

Cortisol

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Q

Cortisol的允許作用

A

EP對血管平滑肌的作用

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Q

動情素的允許作用

A

Ot-R 和 PG-R的合成

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Q

TH的允許作用

A

細胞表面EP-R增加

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Q

下視丘視上核分泌

A

ADH

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Q

下視丘旁室核分泌

A

Ot

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Q

使血管舒張的內皮因子

A

緩激肽（bradykinin)
前列腺環素（prostacyclin)
NO

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Q

不經由G protein傳遞

A

固醇類激素

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Q

降低骨質密度的激素

A

TH
PTH
Cortisol

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Q

成人TH不足的疾病

A

橋本氏甲狀腺炎

黏液性水腫

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Q

可加速軟骨成長

增加小腸對Ca2+的吸收

A

GH

Q

Insulin作用組織

A

肌肉
肝臟
脂肪

Q

促進protein lipid分解

加速糖質新生

A

Cortisol

Q

對降血鈣影響不大

A

CT

Q

對升血鈣影響較大

A

PTH

Q

激素主要代謝器官

A

肝臟

腎臟

Q

兒童營養不良會抑制

A

IGF-1的合成

Q

可降低血中膽固醇含量的激素

A

TH 增加肝細胞之LDL-R

動情素增加血漿中HDL

Q

攝入葡萄糖不需要insulin的細胞

A

腦細胞

Q

運送葡萄糖不直接受insulin影響的細胞

A

小腸壁細胞

Q

？刺激SS分泌

A

酸性

Q

SS抑制

A

壁細胞分泌HCl

Histamine

Q

疼痛感會刺激受傷細胞分泌？活化痛覺受器

A

PG

Q

增加insulin的效用

降低insulin耐受性

A

Adiponectin

Q

抑制insulin

增加insulin耐受性

A

Resistin

Q

Cortisol的前驅物是

A

黃體激素

Q

皮膚經紫外光照射轉變成vitD原的是

A

7去氫膽固醇

Q

類固醇藥物經由抑制？活性而抗發炎

A

磷酯酶A2(phospholipase A2)

Q

非類固醇藥物經由抑制？之活性而抗發炎

A

環氧酶（cyclooxygenase)

Q

生糖素可？血中酮體的濃度

A

增加

Q

礦物性皮質素由？衍生而來

A

膽固醇

Q

黃體期的？會造成體溫上升

A

黃體素

Q

大量破壞Ach之胞吐作用所需的SNARE

A

肉毒桿菌毒素

Q

產生renin

A

腎臟JG cell

Q

月經週期中動情素的作用

A

刺激子宮內膜生長

Q

活化腸黏膜細胞的氯離子通道

A

霍亂毒素

Q

最小的內溫動物

A

蜜蜂

蛾

Q

BMR

A

內溫動物休息時的溫度中性區

Q

SMR

A

外溫動物休息時的特定溫度

Q

第一個發現的植物賀爾蒙

A

Auxin

Q

第一個發現的動物賀爾蒙

A

secretin

Q

NT由神經細胞到標的細胞

A

neurocrine

Q

NT由神經細胞經由血液到標的細胞

A

neuroendocrine

Q

B-endophine

A

舒緩疼痛

促進後葉分泌ADH

Q

NE EP的主要次級傳訊者

A

cAMP

Q

放射神經膠細胞

A

幹細胞

導引胚胎神經元軸突延伸

Q

微小膠細胞

A

CNS中的吞噬細胞（樹突）

Q

星狀膠細胞

A

幹細胞
提供神經元營養
釋放NT
維持神經元的環境
幫助形成血腦障壁

Q

MAO單胺氧化酶

A

幫助突觸前神經元消除NE

Q

COMT乙醯膽鹼酯酶

A

幫助突觸後神經元消除Ach