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Chemistry ⚗ > ✅ > Flashcards

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1
Q

What happens when something is oxidised

A

Oxygen has been taken away

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2
Q

What happens when something is reduced?

A

Gains oxygen

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3
Q

What is a displacement reaction?

A

When a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from a salt

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4
Q

What is a metal ore?

A

A rock containing a high concentration of a metal

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5
Q

Equation for a metal and acid

A

Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen

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6
Q

Equation for a neutralisation reaction?

A

Acid + base = salt + water

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7
Q

What is a neutralisation reaction?

A

Acid + alkali

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8
Q

What do the sums of the charges on a salt add up to?

A

0

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9
Q

Equation for when an acid and alkali react

A

Acid + alkali = salt + water

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10
Q

Equation for acid + metal carbonate

A

Acid + metal carbonate = salt + water + carbon dioxide

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11
Q

What are acids?

A

Substances that produce H+ ions when added to water

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12
Q

how are metals placed in the reactivity series?

A

By their reaction with water and dilute acid

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13
Q

how do the most reactive metals react with water?

A

fizz
give off hydrogen gas
leave alkaline metal hydroxide solution

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14
Q

how do the most reactive metals react with dilute acid

A

explode

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15
Q

how do medium-high reactive metals react with water

A

react but very slowly

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16
Q

how do medium-high metals react with dilute acid?

A

fizz, give of hydrogen and produce a salt

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17
Q

how do medium-low metals react with water

A

slight reaction when heated

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18
Q

how do medium-low metals react with dilute acid

A

react only when warm

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19
Q

how do low metals react with water

A

no reaction

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20
Q

how do low reactive metals react with dilute acid

A

no reaction

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21
Q

what is an ionic equation?

A

when the atoms or particles that don’t change aren’t included

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22
Q

what is carbon used for

A

extracting metals from their oxides

23
Q

what is a half equation

A

something that includes electrons

24
Q

what is oxidation

A

loss of electrons

25
what is reduction
gain of electrons
26
what is a redox reaction?
where one thing gains electrons and the other loses them, eg a displacement reaction
27
what is the equation for metal oxide + carbon
metal + carbon dioxide
28
what are metals less reactive than carbon extracted by
carbon
29
what are metals more reactive than carbon extracted by
electrolysis
30
what is a salt
a compound formed when the hydrogen in an acid is wholly or partially replaced by metal particles
31
what gets reduced in a MASH reaction?
hydrogen ions
32
what is oxidised in a MASH reaction?
metal ions
33
What is an acid?
Something that produces H+ ions in water
34
What is an alkali?
Something that produces OH- ions in water
35
What makes an acid strong?
When all particles ionise to form H+ ions in water
36
Metal + water =
Metal hydroxide + hydrogen
37
Acid + metal hydroxide=
Salt + water
38
How do you extract metals from ores using carbon?
The ore loses oxygen and the carbon gains this oxygen
39
What is a displacement reaction
When a more reactive element displaces a less reactive one from its salt
40
How dos carbon reduce a metal?
It removes the oxygen by bonding to it and forming CO2 so the metal is pure
41
Why are some metals like gold found in their natural state
They are very unreactive
42
What is a salt
A compound formed when the hydrogen in a acid is replaced by a metal
43
What is displaced in an acid + metal displacement reaction
Hydrogen
44
What happens to the electrons in a MASH reaction
They are transferred from the hydrogen to the metal
45
What is an alkali
A base that is soluble in water
46
What enables you to work out the formula of salts
Their overall charge = 0
47
What is the equation for an acid + alkali reaction using ions
H+ + OH- = H2O
48
What makes a solution acidic
When an acid real eases hydrogen into the water
49
What is special about the ionisation of a weak acid?
It is reversible so an equilibrium is reached
50
What does the strength of the acid tell you
What proportion of the acid molecules ionise in water
51
What does the concentration of an acid tell you
How much acid there is in a certain volume of water
52
What is the effect of aqueous solutions?
If the metal ion is more reactive than hydrogen, hydrogen will be produced
53
How do covalent bonds hold atoms together?
Electrostatic forces between the shared negatively charged electrons and the positively charged nuclei

Chemistry ⚗ (17 decks)

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