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Chemistry ⚗ > ✅ > Flashcards

✅ Flashcards

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1
Q

Properties of alkali metals

A 
Very reactive 
Low density 
Soft
Relatively low m and b points 
Form 1+ ions
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2
Q

Properties of halogens

A

Low m and b points
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Reactivity decreases down the group

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3
Q

Characteristics of transition elements

A

Good conductors of heat and electricity
Hard and strong
Dense
High m and b points

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4
Q

which scientist ordered elements in terms of their weight?

A

dalton

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5
Q

what did mendeleev do?

A

created perdiodic table based on atomic weight and left gaps for undiscovered elements

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6
Q

what are elements in order of in the periodic table?

A

proton number

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7
Q

what does the group of an atom tell us

A

the number of electrons in outer shell

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8
Q

main difference between metals and non metals

A

metals conduct electricity where most non-metals are insulators

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9
Q

where are non-metals found?

A

rhs

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10
Q

what is different about noble gases?

A

have full outer shell

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11
Q

how do metals react?

A

losing outer electrons

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12
Q

how do non-metals react?g

A

gaining electrons

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13
Q

what determines an elements chemical properties

A

number of electrons in outer shell

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14
Q

what happens in a halogen displacement?

A

a more reactive halogen displaces a less reactive halogen from its salt

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15
Q

why does reactivity increase going down group 1?

A

they need to lose one electron which is easier the further away it is from the centre

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16
Q

why does reactivity decrease going down group7

A

they need to gain one electron but the forces pf attraction are weaker in the outer shells

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17
Q

properties of transition metals?

A

good conductors
hard
dense
high melting points

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18
Q

what are transition elements often used as

A

catalysts

19
Q

What did dalton do to create the periodic table?

A

Arranged elements in order of atomic weights

20
Q

What did Newlands do to create the periodic table?

A

Proposed the law of octaves where the proposer ties of every eighth element were similar

21
Q

What was Mendeleev’s breakthrough?

A

He left gals in the periodic table for elements yet to be discovered

22
Q

How are elements organised in the periodic table now?

A

By increasing proton (atomic) number

23
Q

What does the group an element is in tell you!

A

How many electrons are in outer shell

24
Q

Why are noble gases very unreactive?

A

Full outer shell

25
Q

Reaction of alkali metals with water?

A

Floats on water
Fizzes
Moves around

26
Q

What is produced when an alkali metal reacts with water?

A

Metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas

27
Q

Why are alkali metals stores under oil?

A

React with oxygen in air

28
Q

What do the halogens all exist as

A

Molecules (pairs of atoms)

29
Q

What colour is fluorine

A

Yellow

30
Q

What colour is chlorine

A

Green

31
Q

What colour is bromine

A

Red-brown

32
Q

What colour is iodine

A

Purple

33
Q

As you go down group 7:

A

Less reactive
Higher m and b points
Higher rfms

34
Q

What are the two types of bonds halogens can make

A

Ionic bonds with metals

Covalent bonds with non metals

35
Q

Why do halogens get less reactive down the group

A

Further from nucleus so harder to attract extra electron

36
Q

What happens in a halogen displacement reaction?

A

A more receive one will displace a less reactive one from its salt

37
Q

What ions do halogens form

A

1-

38
Q

Why does reactivity increase down group 1?

A

The atoms get larger so the single electron they want to lose is farther from nucleus

39
Q

What is the force called between nucleus and electrons

A

Force of attraction

40
Q

What sub atomic particle can change force of attraction

A

Electrons can shield outer electrons from nucleus

41
Q

Physical properties of transition elements

A

good conductors
Hard and string
High m points
‘Typical metals’

42
Q

What is special about ions of transition metals?

A

Can form 2+ or 3+ ions

43
Q

How to tell whether 2+ or 3+ ion

A

Look at Roman numeral

Chemistry ⚗ (17 decks)

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