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113 > Zzzz > Flashcards

Zzzz Flashcards

1
Q

Heart of Xray Machines

A

Xray Tube

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2
Q

A special type of diode

A

Xray Tube

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3
Q

electronic component that has 2 electrodes

A

Diode

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4
Q

Converts electrical energy to electromagnetic energy

A

Xray Tube

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5
Q

Components

A

Cathode Assembly
Anode Assembly
Glass/ Metal Enclosure
Glass Housing

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6
Q

negatively charged electrode

A

Cathode

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7
Q

Small coil of wire made of thoriated tungsten

A

Filament

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8
Q

Filament Measurement

A

2mm wide, 1 or 2cm long

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9
Q

Process where a heated material ejects electrons

A

Thermionic Emission

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10
Q

most common cause of tube failure

A

Tungsten Vaporization

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11
Q

enhances efficiency of thermionic emission

A

1-2% Thorium

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12
Q
  • metal shroud that surrounds the filament.
  • negatively charged to electrostatically confine the electron beam to a small area
  • designed to concentrate and direct electrons on a single narrow path toward the target.
  • it serves as a grid or exposure switch in a grid- controlled x-ray tube
    -adjacent to the filament
A

Focusing Cup

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13
Q

Factors that affect the focusing cups efficiency

A
  1. size and shape
  2. Charge
  3. Filament size and shape
  4. Position of the filament
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14
Q

Dense cloud of electrons that force near the filament

A

Space Charge

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15
Q

phenomenon that makes it harder for the filament to emit more electrons limiting the electron flow

A

Space charge effect

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16
Q

the force that pushes object with the same electric charge, pushes each other because like charges repel

A

Electrostatic Repulsion

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17
Q
  • positively charged electrode
  • conducts electricity, radiates heat and contains the target
A

Anode Assembly

18
Q

2 types of anode assembly:

A

Stationary n Rotating

19
Q

3 main functions of anode

A
  1. Electrical Conductor
  2. Support for the target
  3. Thermal/ Heat Dissipator
20
Q

Common materials used in anode assembly

A

Copper 29
Molybdenum 42
Graphite

21
Q

Target is fixed. It is used when high tube current and power are not required

A

Stationary Anode

22
Q

Rotating Anode

A
  • allows electron beam to interact with a larger target area
  • used in general radiography
23
Q

roating anode rotates at about

A

3600-10000rpm

24
Q
  • Shaft between anode and rotor
  • Composition Mo
A

Anode Stem

25
Q

The area of the cathode that heats and produces x-ray

A

Target

26
Q

Tungsten preferred target material

A
  1. High Atomic No.
  2. Thermal Conductivity
  3. High Melting Point
27
Q

gives enhanced mechanical strength- mechanical stress caused by high speed rotation, and also reduces brittleness

A

Tungsten with Rhenium

28
Q

Mammographic targets

A

Mo z=42 and Rh z=45

29
Q
  • the actual Xray source - where the xrays are produced/ emitted
  • A region among the anode target where the accelerated electrons from the cathode bombard or strike
A

Focal Spot

30
Q

Helps improve sharpness and clarity of the images
High resolution magnification radiography and mammography

A

Round Focal Spot

31
Q

Associated with small filament.
Used when high detail and clarity are needed.

A

Small Focal Spot

32
Q

associated with large filament
used when imaging larger body parts as it can handle higher amounts of energy

A

Large Focal Spot

33
Q
  • is used to rotate the anode in an xray tube
A

Electromagnetic Induction Motor

34
Q

located outside the enclosure- stationary coil windings contain electromagnets
Consists of series of electromagnets arranged evenly

A

Stator

35
Q

inside the glass enclosure
Composition: copper and soft iron bars fused together into a single ??

A

Rotor

36
Q

External components

A

Support structures,
protective housing,
glass and metal enclosure

37
Q

made of Pyrex or borosilicate glass able to withstand the tremendous heat generated.

A

Glass Enclosure

38
Q

the natural capacity of the glass to filter or to block some of the low energy xrays

A

Inherent Filtration

39
Q

a segment of glass that is thinner than the rest

A

Tube Window

40
Q
  • helps keep electric potential between the electrons of the tube current and the enclosure
  • Advantage: less likely to fail and has longer tube life
A

Metal Enclosure

41
Q

insulator protective housing that prevents electric shock

A

Diala Oil

42
Q
  • protect it from damage from rough handling
  • is usually the one being handled
A

Protective Housing

113 (5 decks)

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