Zoonotics: Francisella Tularensis (Gram Neg Rod/Bacilli Bacteria)

Question 1

Francisella Tularensis:

Morphology

Answer 1

• Gram Negative Rod/Bacillis*
• -Non-motile*

Question 2

Francisella Tularensis:

Reservoir/Transmission ?

Answer 2

-Rabbit (direct contact)

-Indirect Contact : Tic Factor (Dermacentor Tick)

• -not same as lyme disease (Ixodes Tick)*
• Mites / Lice
• -Dead animals*
• -Direct contact*
• Bioterrorism: Can be “Aerosolized”*

Question 3

• Francisella Tularensis:*
• Virulence Factor:*

Answer 3

• -Inracellular multiplication*
• of Phago O to Cytosol*

replicates and evades parts of the immune system. A few proteins known to be involved in this process include MglA, IglC, AcpA and MinD.

Endotoxins ONLY (0 exotoxin)

Question 4

• Francisella Tularensis:*
• Clinical Manifestations:*

Answer 4

• Fever
• swollen lymph nodes/painful
• depends on defferent organism:
  ex: -Oropharyngeal
• Pneumonia
• Typhoid
• Ulceroglandular

Question 5

Francisella Tularensis:

Name 4 differnty types of Diseases

Tularensis:

Answer 5

• Oropharyngeal
• Pneumonia
• Typhoid
• Ulceroglandular
• Gastrointestinal
• Pulmonary

Question 6

Francisella Tularensis:

Lab Diagnosis:

Answer 6

Blood culture:

ELISA

(Antibody detection)

Agglutination Test: With Acute and Convalescent serum samples

Fluorescent -Antibody staining

• Cysteine containing rich media (for slow growing organism)*
• VERY INFECTIOUS*

Question 7

Francisella Tularensis:

TX:

Answer 7

1. Streptomycin (an Aminoglycosides)

• Gentamicin*
• Doxycycline*
• Ciproflaxacin*
• (TX for 10-21 days)*

Question 8

Francisella Tularensis:

Morphology:

Answer 8

• Appears a lot like Radishes*
• Red for (Gram Neg)*
• Between the shapes of (-Spherical or bacilliary)*
• SHAPE: Coccobacilli*

Facultative Intracellular organism (means that recovery from infection depends of Cell Mediated Immunity)

Question 9

Francisella Tularensis:

Transmission:

Answer 9

-Indirect Contact:

Tic Factor (Dermacentor Tick)

Tick bite: Bacteria enters at the site of the bite and causes a painful ULCER at site of infection: goes into Macrophages traveling through the Lymph system to Reticuloendothelial organs (Lymph nodes) causing GRANULOMAS with CASEATION necrosis.

Lymph Nodes then swell causing palpable mounds-causing REGIONAL LYMPHADENOPATHY-spreading systemically to other lymph nodes

Question 10

• Francisella Tularensis:*
• Causes WHAT Disease?*

Answer 10

Turalemia

Question 11

Francisella Tularensis:

Serology Type: define

Answer 11

the testing of blood serum to detect the presence of antibodies against a specific antigen.

-Tularensis are recognized:

most cases of tularemia are due to infection by subsp. tularensis (type A-more VIRULENT)

or

holarctica (type B-Europe)