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3rd Year Infection > Zoonoses > Flashcards

Zoonoses Flashcards

1
Q

What are the ‘common’ zoonoses of the UK?

A 
Salmonella
Campylobacter
Toxoplasma 
Psittacosis
Q-fever 
Ringworm/dermatophytosis
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2
Q

What are Zoonoses?

A

Infections that can pass between animals and humans

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3
Q

Name 2 emerging zoonoses

A

Avian flu
Rabies
Brucellosis
Nipah virus

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4
Q

What is the common pathway of rabies infections?

A

Lyssavirus from (mostly) dog, bat bites

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5
Q

How is rabies diagnosed?

A

Saliva/CSF PCR

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6
Q

How is rabies treated?

A

Post-exposure prophylaxis:
Human rabies immunoglobulin
+4 doses of rabies vaccine

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7
Q

How does rabies present?

A

Acute encephalitis
Mania, lethargy, coma
Unable to swallow
Respiratory failure

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8
Q

How is Brucellosis transmitted?

A

Milking animals
Handling animal carcasses
Unpasteurised dairy

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9
Q

What are the symptoms of Brucellosis?

A

Long incubation period
Positive serology (subclinical)
Sweats
Flu-like symptoms

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10
Q

How is Brucellosis treated?

A

Doxycycline

Rifampicin/Gentamicin

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11
Q

How is Leptospirosis transmitted?

A

Fish workers
Rat bites
Cattle handling/dairy
Common after disasters

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12
Q

How does Leptospirosis present?

A

Fever, meningism, jaundice
Flu-like symptoms
Abdominal pain

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13
Q

How does Severe Leptospirosis present?

A

Weil’s Disease: Jaundice, AKI, bleeding (pulmonary haemorrhage)

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14
Q

How is leptospirosis diagnosed?

A

Fever in cattle farmer, water or rat contact
ELISA Serology
Culture
PCR

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15
Q

How is Leptospirosis treated?

A

Doxycycline
IV Penicillin
Dialysis
Ventilation

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16
Q

What is the cause of Lyme Borreliosis?

A

Ixodes ricinus (tick)
Summer weather
Deer
Spirochaete - Borrelia burgdorferi

17
Q

What is the typical clinical presentation of lyme disease?

A

Erythema migrans
Blue-red discolouration (hands, back of legs)
Lymphocytoma
Neuroborreliosis

18
Q

How does Neuroborreliosis present?

A

Nerve palsy
Radicular pain
Lymphocytic meningitis

19
Q

How is Lyme disease diagnosed?

A

Erythema migrans
Paired blood and CSF serology
PCR
Neuro symtpoms

20
Q

How is Lyme disease treated?

A

Doxycycline or Amoxicillin

Or IV Ceftriaxone

3rd Year Infection (16 decks)

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