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Infection > Zoonoses > Flashcards

Zoonoses Flashcards

1
Q

what are zoonoses?

A

infections that are contracted from animals
source of disease is from the animal
they don’t require humans to complete their life cycle

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2
Q

what are 4 examples of zoonoses?

A

rabies
brucellosis
leptospirosis
lyme disease

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3
Q

what organism causes rabbles?

A

viral

lyssavirus

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4
Q

what is the incubation period of rabies?

A

2 weeks to several months

long incubation period as toxin travels to the CNS

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5
Q

how is rabbles diagnosed?

A

PCR of saliva or CSF

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6
Q

what is the treatment for rabbles?

A

post exposure prophylaxis
human rabbles immunoglobulin
rabbles vaccine

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7
Q

what are the severe progression of rabbles infection?

A

acute encephalitis

  • malaise, headache, fever
  • progression to mania, lethargy and coma
  • unable to swallow and hydrophobia
  • death by respiratory failure
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8
Q

what organisms cause brucellosis?

A

Melitenesis
Suis
Abortus

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9
Q

how is brucellosis often contracted?

A

ingestion of unpasteurised milk, or close contact with their secretions or ingestion of undercooked meat from infected animals

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10
Q

what is the incubation period of brucellosis ?

A

5 to 30 days

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11
Q

what are the symptoms of acute brucellosis?

A 
undulant fever that rises and falls
weakness
headaches
drenching sweats
splenomegaly
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12
Q

what are the symptoms of subacute brucellosis?

A

fever and joint pains

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13
Q

what are the symptoms of chronic brucellosis?

A 
flu like symptoms 
malaise
depression
chornic arthritis
endocarditis
epididymo-orchiditis
meningism
splenomegaly
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14
Q

what is the treatment for brucellosis?

A

doxycycline for 2-3 months
+ Rifampicin or IM gentamicin for first few weeks
+ Cotrimoxazole for 2 weeks if CNS disease

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15
Q

what are the organisms that cause leptospirosis?

A

L. icterohaemorrhagica

L. hardio

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16
Q

how is leptospirosis diagnosed?

A

Microscopic agglutination test (MAT)
ELISA serology
PCR
Culture

17
Q

what is the treatment for leptospirosis?

A 
doxycycline (mild disease)
IV penicillin (severe disease)
dialysis
mechanical ventilation
18
Q

what tick is responsible for spreading lyme diseasE?

A

ixodes ricinus

19
Q

what bacteria is responsible for lyme diseasE?

A

borrellia burgdorferi (spirochetes)

20
Q

what are the different presentations of lyme disease?

A 
erythema migrans
acrodermatitis
chronic atroficans
lymphocytoma 
neuroborreliosis (NB)
lyme borreliosis
21
Q

how is lyme disease diagnosed?

A

EM clinical
ACA and lymphocytoma clinical and serology titres
arthritis - serology from synovial fluid & PCR
NB clinical & PCR & CSF serology

22
Q

what is the presentation of leptospirosis ictohaemorrhagica?

A

flu-like symptoms
jaundice
renal failure

23
Q

what is the presentation of leptospirosis hardjo?

A

fever

meningism

Infection (13 decks)

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