Zoology Lesson 2 CELL Flashcards
It is the outer covering of the cell
Cell Membrane
It functions as the selective barrier that regulates the entrance and exit of substances into the cell
Cell Membrane
The biggest part of the cell where organelles are found
Cytoplasm
It is a continuous intercommunicating channel composed of membrane-enclosed sacs and tubules
The Endoplasmic Reticulum
It is the more common type of endoplasmic reticulum, is defined by the presence of ribosomes.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
It is more tubular and non-granular due to the absence of ribosomes
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
It is the site of protein synthesis
Ribosomes
It is responsible for sorting and packaging macromolecules for use within the cell or for exocytosis
The Golgi Apparatus
It is the Powerhouse of the cell that varies in size, shape, and number, depending of cellular activity.
The Mitochondrion
It is the site of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and fatty acid oxidation.
The Mitochondrion
It is a small membrane-bound
bodies that contain several hydrolytic enzymes, such as acid hydrolase, for intracellular digestion.
The lysosome
It has a central role in cell division where it participates in the formation of the mitotic spindle. It is usually adjacent to the nucleus
Centriole
It is where hereditary factors are stored. It is found in almost all cells
Nucleus
It is a source of ribosomal (rRNA), messenger (mRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA).
Nucleus
It is the Nucleus’ two-layered outer limit separating it from the cytoplasm.
Nuclear Envelope
It acts as a selective channel between the cytoplasm and the inside of the nucleus. It can be found on the Nuclear Envelope.
The Nuclear Pores
It is also called as Karyoplasm
Nucleoplasm
It is the fluid contained in the nucleus. Suspended to it is the spherical, non-membrane-bound nucleolus
The Nucleoplasm
It is found inside the nucleus. It is made up of DNA and Proteins and forms chromosomes during cell division.
Chromatin
What are the two types of Chromatin
euchromatin and heterochromatin
It contains the genes inherited by the offspring from their parents.
Chromosome
Name the four stages that the interphase is composed of.
- Gap 1 (G1)
- Synthesis (S)
- Gap 2 (G2)
- Mitosis (M)
The phase of the cell cycle in which a cell copies its DNA to prepare for mitosis
Interphase
It is the first phase of interphase that comes before the synthesis of DNA. The cell increases in mass and or size in preparation for cell division.
G1 Phase
It is a crucial part of the interphase since this is when DNA is synthesized.
Synthesis Phase
This is the phase that comes after DNA synthesis has occurred but before the start of mitosis involves the cell synthesizing proteins and continuing to increase in size, while simultaneously initiating the condensation of chromosomes and synthesizing the necessary proteins for the construction of the mitotic spindle.
G2 Phase
It is the type of cell division that takes place in somatic or body cells
Mitosis
The main purpose of this cell division is the production of more cells for growth, repair, and development.
Mitosis
It produces two diploid somatic cells
Mitosis
this is where the chromatin condenses into more discrete
chromosomes.
Prophase
This stage is where the nuclear envelope starts to disintegrate, and spindles form at opposite ‘poles’ of the cell.
Prophase
This stage is where the spindle fibers fully develop.
Metaphase
This stage is where the chromosomes align at the equatorial plate.
metaphase
This stage is where the paired chromosomes separate and begin to move toward the opposite poles of the cell.
Anaphase
At the end of this stage, each pole contains a complete set of chromosomes.
Anaphase
This stage is where the chromosomes are confined into distinct new nuclei of the daughter cells.
Telophase
This stage is where the cytoplasm
splits in two and the cell divides.
Cytokinesis
This is the cell division that takes place in sex cells or gametes
Meiosis
It produces four genetically diverse haploid daughter cells from one diploid parent cell.
Meiosis
