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Zoology > Zoology Lesson 2 CELL > Flashcards

Zoology Lesson 2 CELL Flashcards

1
Q

It is the outer covering of the cell

A

Cell Membrane

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2
Q

It functions as the selective barrier that regulates the entrance and exit of substances into the cell

A

Cell Membrane

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3
Q

The biggest part of the cell where organelles are found

A

Cytoplasm

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4
Q

It is a continuous intercommunicating channel composed of membrane-enclosed sacs and tubules

A

The Endoplasmic Reticulum

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5
Q

It is the more common type of endoplasmic reticulum, is defined by the presence of ribosomes.

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

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6
Q

It is more tubular and non-granular due to the absence of ribosomes

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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7
Q

It is the site of protein synthesis

A

Ribosomes

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8
Q

It is responsible for sorting and packaging macromolecules for use within the cell or for exocytosis

A

The Golgi Apparatus

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9
Q

It is the Powerhouse of the cell that varies in size, shape, and number, depending of cellular activity.

A

The Mitochondrion

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10
Q

It is the site of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and fatty acid oxidation.

A

The Mitochondrion

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11
Q

It is a small membrane-bound
bodies that contain several hydrolytic enzymes, such as acid hydrolase, for intracellular digestion.

A

The lysosome

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12
Q

It has a central role in cell division where it participates in the formation of the mitotic spindle. It is usually adjacent to the nucleus

A

Centriole

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13
Q

It is where hereditary factors are stored. It is found in almost all cells

A

Nucleus

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14
Q

It is a source of ribosomal (rRNA), messenger (mRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA).

A

Nucleus

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15
Q

It is the Nucleus’ two-layered outer limit separating it from the cytoplasm.

A

Nuclear Envelope

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16
Q

It acts as a selective channel between the cytoplasm and the inside of the nucleus. It can be found on the Nuclear Envelope.

A

The Nuclear Pores

17
Q

It is also called as Karyoplasm

A

Nucleoplasm

18
Q

It is the fluid contained in the nucleus. Suspended to it is the spherical, non-membrane-bound nucleolus

A

The Nucleoplasm

19
Q

It is found inside the nucleus. It is made up of DNA and Proteins and forms chromosomes during cell division.

A

Chromatin

20
Q

What are the two types of Chromatin

A

euchromatin and heterochromatin

21
Q

It contains the genes inherited by the offspring from their parents.

A

Chromosome

22
Q

Name the four stages that the interphase is composed of.

A
  • Gap 1 (G1)
  • Synthesis (S)
  • Gap 2 (G2)
  • Mitosis (M)
23
Q

The phase of the cell cycle in which a cell copies its DNA to prepare for mitosis

A

Interphase

24
Q

It is the first phase of interphase that comes before the synthesis of DNA. The cell increases in mass and or size in preparation for cell division.

A

G1 Phase

25
Q

It is a crucial part of the interphase since this is when DNA is synthesized.

A

Synthesis Phase

26
Q

This is the phase that comes after DNA synthesis has occurred but before the start of mitosis involves the cell synthesizing proteins and continuing to increase in size, while simultaneously initiating the condensation of chromosomes and synthesizing the necessary proteins for the construction of the mitotic spindle.

A

G2 Phase

27
Q

It is the type of cell division that takes place in somatic or body cells

A

Mitosis

28
Q

The main purpose of this cell division is the production of more cells for growth, repair, and development.

A

Mitosis

29
Q

It produces two diploid somatic cells

A

Mitosis

30
Q

this is where the chromatin condenses into more discrete
chromosomes.

A

Prophase

31
Q

This stage is where the nuclear envelope starts to disintegrate, and spindles form at opposite ‘poles’ of the cell.

A

Prophase

32
Q

This stage is where the spindle fibers fully develop.

A

Metaphase

33
Q

This stage is where the chromosomes align at the equatorial plate.

A

metaphase

34
Q

This stage is where the paired chromosomes separate and begin to move toward the opposite poles of the cell.

A

Anaphase

35
Q

At the end of this stage, each pole contains a complete set of chromosomes.

A

Anaphase

36
Q

This stage is where the chromosomes are confined into distinct new nuclei of the daughter cells.

A

Telophase

37
Q

This stage is where the cytoplasm
splits in two and the cell divides.

A

Cytokinesis

38
Q

This is the cell division that takes place in sex cells or gametes

A

Meiosis

39
Q

It produces four genetically diverse haploid daughter cells from one diploid parent cell.

A

Meiosis

Zoology (9 decks)

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